This entry includes a listing of significant political parties, coalitions, and electoral lists as of each country's last legislative election, unless otherwise noted.
| COUNTRY | POLITICAL PARTIES AND LEADERS |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan | note - the Ministry of Justice licensed 84 political parties as of December 2012 |
| Albania | Alliance for Employment, Welfare, and Integration or APMI (coalition of 24 centrist and center-right parties) [Sali BERISHA: Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Nard NDOKA Democratic Party or PD [Lulzim BASHA Movement for National Development of LZHK [Dashamir SHEHI Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU Alliance for a European Albania or ASHE (coalition of 38 parties from far left to right wing) [Edi RAMA: Christian Democratic Party of PKD [Mark FRROKU Party for Justice, Integration and Unity or PDIU [Shpetim IDRIZI Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI [Ilir META Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA Union for Human Rights Party or PBDNJ [Vangjel DULE other parties: New Democratic Spirit or FRD [Bamir TOPI note: only the major parties of each coalition are listed |
| Algeria | Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997 |
| American Samoa | Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO |
| Andorra | there is one coalition and three political parties at the national level: Citizen's Party or IC and Independent's Party [Pere Lopez AGRASI Democrats for Andorra or DA [Antoni MARTI PETIT Greens of Andorra or VA [Isabel LOZANO MUNOZ Liberal Party or PLA [Josep Pintat FORNE Social Democratic Progress Party or PDS [Victo Naudi ZAMORA note: there are also several smaller parties at the Parish level (one is Lauredian Union) |
| Angola | Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [Lucas NGONDA National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS Social Renewal Party or PRS [Eduardo KUANGANA note: 4 other parties qualified to participate in the national election in August 2012 |
| Anguilla | Anguilla Progressive Party or APP [Brent DAVIS Anguilla Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD Anguilla United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Gaston BROWNE Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Trevor WALKER Barbuda People's Movement for Change [Arthur NIBBS Barbudans for a Better Barbuda [Ordrick SAMUEL United Progressive Party or UPP [W. Baldwin SPENCER |
| Argentina | Civic Coalition or CC (a coalition loosely affiliated with Elisa CARRIO) Dissident Peronists (PJ Disidente) or Federal Peronism (a sector of the Justicialist Party opposed to the Kirchners) Front for Victory or FpV (a broad coalition, including elements of the PJ, UCR, and numerous provincial parties) [Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER Peronist (or Justicialist) Party or PJ [Eduardo FELLNER Radical Civic Union or UCR [Ernesto SANZ Republican Proposal or PRO [Mauricio MACRI Socialist Party or PS [Hermes BINNER Renewal Front (Frente Renovador) [Sergio MASSA numerous provincial parties |
| Armenia | Armenian National Congress or ANC (bloc of independent and opposition parties) [Levon TER-PETROSSIAN Armenian National Movement or ANM [Ararat ZURABIAN Armenian Revolutionary Federation ("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Hrant MARKARIAN Heritage Party [Raffi HOVHANNISIAN People's Party of Armenia [Stepan DEMIRCHIAN Prosperous Armenia [Gagik TSARUKIAN Republican Party of Armenia or RPA [Serzh SARGSIAN Rule of Law Party (Orinats Yerkir) [Artur BAGHDASARIAN |
| Aruba | Aliansa/Aruban Social Movement or MSA [Robert WEVER Aruban Liberal Organization or OLA [Glenbert CROES Aruban Patriotic Movement or MPA [Monica ARENDS-KOCK Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET Aruban People's Party or AVP [Michiel "Mike" EMAN People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER Real Democracy or PDR [Andin BIKKER RED [Rudy LAMPE Workers Political Platform or PTT [Gregorio WOLFF |
| Australia | Australian Greens Party [Christine MILNE Australian Labor Party [Bill SHORTEN Country Liberal Party [Terry MILLS Family First Party [Steve FIELDING Katter's Australian Party [Bob KATTER Liberal National Party of Queensland [Campbell NEWMAN Liberal Party [Tony ABBOTT National Party of Australia [Warren TRUSS Palmer United Party [Clive PALMER |
| Austria | Alliance for the Future of Austria or BZOe [Josef BUCHER Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Reinhold MITTERLEHNER Communist Party of Austria or KPOe [Mirko MESSNER Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Heinz Christian STRACHE The Greens [Eva GLAWISCHNIG NEOS - The New Austria [Matthias STROLZ Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Werner FAYMANN "Team Stronach" [Frank STRONACH |
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan Democratic Party or ADP [Sardar JALALOGLU Azerbaijan Popular Front or AXCP [Ali KARIMLI Civil Solidarity Party or CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLI Civil Unity Party [Sabir HAJIYEV Classical Popular Front Party of Azerbaijan [Mirmahmud MIRALI-OGLU Democratic Reforms Party [Asim MOLLAZADE Great Creation Party [Fazil Gazanfaroglu MUSTAFAYEV Hope (Umid) Party [Igbal AGAZADE Justice Party [Ilyas ISMAILOV Liberal Party of Azerbaijan [Lala Shovkat HACIYEVA, Avaz TEMIRKHAN Motherland Party [Fazail AGAMALI Musavat (Equality) [Arif HAJILI Social Democratic Party of Azerbaijan or SDP [Araz ALIZADE Social Welfare Party [Khanhusein KAZIMLI Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front Party [Gudrat HASANGULIYEV Yeni (New) Azerbaijan Party or YAP [President Ilham ALIYEV |
| Bahamas, The | Free National Movement or FNM [Hubert MINNIS Progressive Liberal Party or PLP [Perry CHRISTIE |
| Bahrain | note: political parties are prohibited but political societies were legalized per a July 2005 law Al Watan Arab Islamic Center Society [Abdulrahman AL-BAKER Constitutional Gathering Society [Abdulrahman AL-BAKER Islamic Asalah [Abd al-Halim MURAD Islamic Saff Society [Abdullah Khalil BU GHAMAR Islamic Shura Society Movement of National Justice Society [Muhi al-Din KHAN National Action Charter Society [Muhammad AL-BUAYNAYN National Democratic Action Society [Radhi AL-MOUSAWI National Democratic Assembly [Hasan AL-ALI National Dialogue Society National Fraternity Society [Musa AL-ANSARI National Islamic Minbar [Ali AHMAD National Progressive Tribune [Abd al-Nabi SALMAN National Unity Gathering Unitary National Democratic Assemblage [Fadhil ABBAS Wifaq National Islamic Society [Ali SALMAN |
| Bangladesh | Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA Communist Party of Bangladesh or CPB [Manjurul A. KHAN Bangladesh Nationalist Front or BNF [Abdul Kalam AZADI Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh or BDB [Badrudozza CHOWDHURY Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [multiple leaders Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Oli AHMED National Socialist Party or JSD [KHALEQUZZAMAN Tarikat Foundation [Syed Nozibul Bashar MAIZBHANDARI Workers Party or WP [Rashed Khan MENON |
| Barbados | Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR Democratic Labor Party or DLP [Freundel STUART People's Empowerment Party or PEP [David COMISSIONG |
| Belarus | pro-government parties: Belarusian Agrarian Party or AP [Mikhail RUS Belarusian Patriotic Party [Nikolay ULAKHOVICH Belarusian Socialist Sporting Party [Vladimir ALEKSANDROVICH Belaya Rus [Aleksandr RADKOV Communist Party of Belarus or KPB [Igor KARPENKO Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Sergey GAYDUKEVICH Republican Party of Labor and Justice [Vasiliy ZADNEPRYANIY opposition parties: Belarusian Christian Democracy Party [Pavel SEVERINETS Belarusian Labor Party [Aleksandr BUCHVOSTOV Belarusian Liberal Party of Freedom and Progress [Vladimir NOVOSYAD Belarusian Party of the Green [Oleg NOVIKOV Belarusian Party of the Left "Fair World" [Sergey KALYAKIN Belarusian Popular Front or BPF [Aleksey YANUKEVICH Belarusian Social-Democratic Assembly [Stanislav SHUSHKEVICH Belarusian Social Democratic Party ("Assembly") or BSDPH [Irina VESHTARD Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) [Nikolay STATKEVICH Christian Conservative Party or BPF [Zyanon PAZNIAK United Civic Party or UCP [Anatoliy LEBEDKO |
| Belgium | Flemish parties: Christian Democratic and Flemish or CD&V [Wouter BEKE Flemish Liberals and Democrats or Open VLD [Gwendolyn RUTTEN Groen! [Meyren ALMACI Libertarian, Direct, Democratic or LDD (formerly Dedecker's List) [Jean-Marie DEDECKER New Flemish Alliance or N-VA [Bart DE WEVER People's Party [Mischael MODRIKAMEN Social Progressive Alternative or SP.A [Bruno TOBBACK Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) or VB [Tom VAN GRIEKEN Francophone parties: Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Patrick DUPRIEZ and Zakia KHATTABI Francophone Federalist Democrats or FDF [Olivier MAINGAIN Humanist and Democratic Center or CDH [Benoit LUTGEN People's Party [Mischael MODRIKAMEN Reform Movement or MR [Olivier CHASTEL Socialist Party or PS [Elio DI RUPO Workers' Party [Peter Mertens other minor parties |
| Belize | National Alliance for Belizean Rights or NABR National Reform Party or NRP [Cornelius DUECK People's National Party or PNP [Wil MAHEIA People's United Party or PUP [John BRICENO United Democratic Party or UDP [Dean Oliver BARROW Vision Inspired by the People or VIP [Paul MORGAN We the People Reform Movement or WTP [Hipolito BAUTISTA |
| Benin | African Movement for Democracy and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN]; Alliance of Progress Forces or AFP; Benin Renaissance or RB [Rosine SOGLO]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]; Force Cowrie for an Emerging Benin or FCBE [Yayi BONI]; Impulse for Progress and Democracy or IPD [Theophile NATA]; Key Force or FC [Lazare S�HOU�TO note: approximately 20 additional minor parties |
| Bermuda | One Bermuda Alliance or OBA [Thad HOLLIS Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Marc BEAN |
| Bhutan | Bhutan Kuen-Nyam Party or BNK [Sonam TOBGAY Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party (Druk Phuensum Tshogpa) or DPT [Jigme THINLEY Druck Chirwang Tshogpa or DCT Druk Nymrub Tshogpa or DNT People's Democratic Party or PDP [Tshering TOBGAY |
| Bolivia | Bacada Indigena or BI Bolivia-National Convergence or PPB-CN [Adrian OLIVA Fearless Movement or MSM [Juan DE GRANADO Cosio Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Juan Evo MORALES Ayma National Unity or UN [Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana People or Gente [Roman LOAYZA Social Alliance or AS [Rene JOAQUINO Social Democratic Movement or MDS [Ruben COSTAS |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Alliance for a Better Future of BiH or SBB BiH [Fahrudin RADONCIC Alliance of Independent Social Democrats or SNSD [Milorad DODIK Bosnian-Herzegovinian Patriotic Party-Sefer Halilovic or BPS-Sefer Halilovic [Sefer HALILOVIC Croat Peasants' Party-New Croat Initiative or HSS-NHI [Ante COLAK Croatian Christian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HKDU [Ivan MUSA Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HDZ-BiH [Dragan COVIC Croatian Democratic Union 1990 or HDZ-1990 [Martin RAGUZ Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starcevic or HSP dr. Ante Starcevic Croatian Party of Rights of Herceg-Bosne or HSP Herceg-Bosne [Vesna PINJUH Democratic Front of DF [Zeljko KOMSIC Democratic Peoples' Alliance or DNS [Marko PAVIC Party of Democratic Action or SDA [Acting President Bakir IZETBEGOVIC Party of Democratic Activity or A-SDA [Nermin OGRESEVIC Party of Democratic Progress or PDP [Mladen IVANIC People's Democratic Movement or NDP [Dragan CAVIC Serb Democratic Party or SDS [Mladen BOSIC Social Democratic Party of BiH or SDP BiH [Nermin NIKSIC |
| Botswana | Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Dumelang SALESHANDO Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Ian KHAMA Botswana Movement for Democracy or BMD [Ndaba GAOLATLHE Botswana National Front or BNF [Duma BOKO Botswana Peoples Party or BPP [Motlatsi MOLAPISI Umbrella for Democratic Change or UDC [Duma BOKO |
| Brazil | Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Ivan Martins PINHEIRO Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Michel TEMER Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Cristiane BRASIL Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jose Levy FIDELIX da Cruz Brazilian Republican Party or PRB [Marcos Antonio PEREIRA Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Aecio NEVES Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB Christian Labor Party or PTC [Daniel TOURINHO Christian Social Democratic Party or PSDC [Jose Maria EYMAEL Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Jose Renato RABELO Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos Roberto LUPI The Democrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO Free Homeland Party or PPL [Sergio RUBENS Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz PENNA Humanist Party of Solidarity or PHS [Eduardo MACHADO Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE National Ecologic Party or PEN [Adilson Barroso OLIVEIRA National Labor Party or PTN [Jose Masci de ABREU National Mobilization Party or PMN [Oscar Noronha FILHO Party of the Republic or PR [Alfredo NASCIMENTO Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Roberto Joao Pereira FREIRE Progressive Party or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA Progressive Republican Party or PRP [Ovasco Roma Altimari RESENDE Social Christian Party or PSC [Vitor Jorge Abdala NOSSEIS Social Democratic Party or PSD [Gilberto KASSAB Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Luiz ARAUJO United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jose Maria DE ALMEIDA Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA Workers' Party or PT [Rui FALCAO |
| British Virgin Islands | Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH |
| Brunei | National Development Party or NDP [YASSIN Affendi note: Brunei National Solidarity Party or PPKB [Abdul LATIF bin Chuchu |
| Bulgaria | Alternative for Bulgarian Revival or ABV [Georgi PARVANOV Attack (Ataka) [Volen Nikolov SIDEROV Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Mihail MIKOV Bulgaria of the Citizens or DBG [Meglena KUNEVA Bulgaria Without Censorship or BBTs [Nikolay BAREKOV Citizens for the European Development of Bulgaria or GERB [Boyko BORISOV Coalition for Bulgaria or CfB [Sergei STANISHEV Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria or DSB [Radan KANEV IMRO - Bulgarian National Movement or IMRO-BNM [Krasimir KARAKACHANOV Movement for Rights and Freedoms or DPS [Lyutvi MESTAN National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria or NFSB [Valeri SIMEONOV National Movement for Stability and Progress or NDSV [Hristina HRISTOVA Order, Law, and Justice or RZS [Yane YANEV Patriotic Front or PF (alliance of IMRO-BNM and NFSB) Union of Democratic Forces or SDS [Bozhidar LUKARSKI Reformist Bloc or RB (a five-party alliance including the DSB, DBG, and SDS) |
| Burkina Faso | African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation or ADF-RDA [Gilbert OUEDRAOGO Citizen's Popular Rally or RPC [Antoine QUARE Coalition of Democratic Forces of Burkina or CFD-B [Zio Eric FRANCOIS Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Assimi KOUANDA Democratic and Popular Rally or RDP [Nana THIBAUT Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE Party for African Independence or PAI [Soumane TOURE Party for Democracy and Progress-Socialist Party or PDP-PS [Francois O. KABORE Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba or PDS/Metba [Hama Arba DIALLO Party for National Rebirth or PAREN [Barry TAHIROU People's Movement for Progress or MPP [Roch March KABORE Rally for the Development of Burkina or RDB [Celestin Saidou COMPAORE Rally of Ecologists of Burkina Faso or RDEB [Ram OUEDRAGO Republican Party for Integration and Solidarity or PARIS Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Fidele HIEN Union for Progress and Change or UPC [Zephirin DIABRE Union for Rebirth - Sankarist Movement or UNIR-MS [Benewende Stanislas SANKARA Union for the Republic or UPR [Toussaint Abel COULIBALY Union of Sankarist Parties or UPS [Ernest Nongma OUEDRAOGO |
| Burma | All Mon Region Democracy Party or AMRDP [NAING NGWE THEIN National Democratic Force or NDF [KHIN MAUNG SWE, Dr.THAN NYEIN National League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SAN SUU KYI National Unity Party or NUP [TUN YE Rakhine Nationalities Development Party or RNDP [Dr. AYE MAUNG Shan Nationalities Democratic Party or SNDP [SAI AIKE PAUNG Shan Nationalities League for Democracy or SNLD [HKUN HTUN OO Union Solidarity and Development Party or USDP [SHWE MANN, HTAY OO numerous smaller parties |
| Burundi | governing parties: Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Jeremie NGENDAKUMANA Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Bonaventure NIYOYANKANA note: a multiparty system introduced in 1998 includes: National Council for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD [Leonard NYANGOMA National Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA |
| Cabo Verde | African Party for Independence of Cabo Verde or PAICV [Janira Hopffer ALMADA Democratic and Independent Cabo Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO Movement for Democracy or MPD [Ulisses CORREIA e Silva Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM |
| Cambodia | Cambodian National Rescue Party or CNRP [SAM RANGSI also spelled SAM RAINSY Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [NORODOM RANARIDDH Nationalist Party or NP former Norodom Ranariddh Party or NRP [SAO RANY |
| Cameroon | Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM [Paul BIYA Cameroon People's Party or CPP [Edith Kah WALLA Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel YONDO National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA Progressive Movement or MP [Jean-Jacques EKINDI Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Provisionary Management Bureau |
| Canada | Bloc Quebecois [Mario BEAULIEU Conservative Party of Canada [Stephen HARPER Green Party [Elizabeth MAY Liberal Party [Justin TRUDEAU New Democratic Party or NDP [Thomas MULCAIR |
| Cayman Islands | People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Kurt TIBBETTS United Democratic Party or UDP [McKeeva BUSH |
| Central African Republic | Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Clement BELIBANGA Central African Democratic Rally or RDC [Louis-Pierre GAMBA Civic Forum or FC Democratic Forum for Modernity or FODEM [Saturnin NDOMBY Liberal Democratic Party or PLD Londo Association or LONDO Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC [Martin ZIGUELE National Convergence or KNK [Francois BOZIZE National Unity Party or PUN New Alliance for Progress or NAP [Jean-Jacques DEMAFOUTH Patriotic Front for Progress or FPP [Alexandre Philippe GOUMBA People's Union for the Republic or UPR [Pierre Sammy MAKFOY Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE |
| Chad | Alliance for the Renaissance of Chad or ART, an alliance among the ruling MPS, RDP, and Viva-RNDP Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO Party for Liberty and Development or PLD [Jean-Baptiste LAOKOLE Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lol Mahamat CHOUA Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Sande NGARYIMBE |
| Chile | Broad Social Movement or MAS [Alejandro NAVARRO Brain Citizen Left or IC Coalition for Change or CC (also known as the Alliance for Chile (Alianza) or APC) (including National Renewal or RN [Carlos LARRAIN Pena Coalition of Parties for Democracy (Concertacion) or CPD (including Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Ignacio WALKER Prieto Communist Party of Chile (Partido Comunista de Chile) or PC [Guillermo TEILLIER del Valle Ecological Green Party [Cristian VILLAROEL Novoa Equality Party [Lautaro GUANCA Vallejos Humanist Party or PH [Danilo MONTEVERDE Reyes Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Ernesto SILVA Independent Regionalist Party or PRI [Carlos OLIVARES Zepeda Liberal Party [Vlado MIROSEVIC National Renewal or RN [Carlos LARRAIN Progressive Party or PRO [Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI Gumucio |
| China | Chinese Communist Party or CCP [XI Jinping note: China has eight nominally independent small parties ultimately controlled by the CCP |
| Christmas Island | none |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands | none |
| Colombia | Alternative Democratic Pole or PDA [Clara LOPEZ Conservative Party or PC [Omar YEPES Alzate Democratic Center Party or CD [Alvaro URIBE Velez Green Party [Alfonso PRADA Liberal Party or PL [Simon GAVIRIA Munoz National Integration Party or PIN [Angel ALIRIO Moreno Radical Change or CR [Carlos Fernando GALAN Social National Unity Party or U Party [Sergio Diaz GANADOS note: Colombia has seven major political parties, and numerous smaller movements |
| Comoros | Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros or CRC [AZALI Assoumani Democratic Rally of the Comoros [Mouigni MARAKA Front National pour la Justice or FNJ [Ahmed RACHID Juwa [Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI National Alliance for the Comoros or ANC [Mahmoud ALI Orange Party [Niganned "Kiki" DAOUDI Party for the Comorian Agreement (Partie Pour l'Entente Commorienne) or PEC [Fahmi Said IBRAHIM Rally for an Alternative of Harmonious and Integrated Development or RADHI Rassemblement Democratique des Comores [Mougini Baraka Said SOILIHI Rassemblement National pour le Development or RND [Omar TAMOU, Abdoulhamid AFFRAITANE Rally with a Deveopment Initive with Warned Youth or RIDJA [Said Larifou Union for the Development of the Comoros or UPDC [Ikililou DHOININE Union Nationale pour la Democratie aux Comores or UNDC [Hassani HARUNA |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the | Christian Democrat Party or PDC [Jose ENDUNDO Congolese Rally for Democracy or RCD [Azarias RUBERWA Convention of Christian Democrats or CDC Forces of Renewal or FR [Mbusa NYAMWISI Movement for the Liberation of the Congo or MLC [Jean-Pierre BEMBA People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy or PPRD [Evariste BOSHAB Social Movement for Renewal or MSR [Pierre LUMBI Unified Lumumbist Party or PALU [Antoine GIZENGA Union for the Congolese Nation or UNC [Vital KAMERHE Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Etienne TSHISEKEDI Union of Mobutuist Democrats or UDEMO [MOBUTU Nzanga |
| Congo, Republic of the | Action Movement for Renewal or MAR Congolese Labour Party or PCT Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI [Michel MAMPOUYA Movement for Solidarity and Development or MSD Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [Martin MBERI Rally for Democracy and the Republic or RDR [Raymond Damasge NGOLLO Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Jean-Pierre Thystere TCHICAYA, president Rally of the Presidential Majority or RMP Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR United Democratic Forces or FDU [Sebastian EBAO many smaller parties |
| Cook Islands | Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA Democratic Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE One Cook Islands Movement [Teina BISHOP |
| Costa Rica | Accessibility Without Exclusion or PASE [Oscar Andres LOPEZ Arias Broad Front (Frente Amplio) or PFA [Ana Patricia MORA Citizen Action Party or PAC [Olivier PEREZ Gonzalez Costa Rican Renovation Party or PRC [Gerardo Justo OROZCO Alvarez Libertarian Movement Party or ML [Victor Danilo CUBERO Corrales National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes National Liberation Party or PLN [Bernal JIMENEZ National Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos AVENDANO Patriotic Alliance [Jorge ARAYA Westover Popular Vanguard [Humberto VARGAS Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC [Gerardo VARGAS |
| Cote d'Ivoire | Citizen's Democratic Union or UDCY [Theodore MEL EG Democracy and Liberty for the Republic or LIDER [Mamadou KOULIBALY Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire or PDCI [Henri Konan BEDIE Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [Pascal AFFI NGUESSAN Ivorian Worker's Party or PIT [Daniel AKA AHIZ Movement of the Future Forces or MFA [Innocent Augustin ANAKY KOBENA Rally of the Republicans or RDR [Alassane OUATTARA Union for Democracy and Peace in Cote d'Ivoire or UDPCI [Toikeuse MABRI over 144 smaller registered parties |
| Croatia | Bosniak Democratic Party of Croatia or BDSH [Medzad HODZIC Croatian Civic Party or HGS [Zeljko KERUM Croatian Democratic Congress of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Dragan VULIN Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Tomislav KARAMARKO Croatian Laborists - Labor Party [Nansi TIRELI Croatian Party of Rights - dr. Ante Starcevic or HSP AS [Ivan TEPES Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Branko HRG Croatian Pensioner Party or HSU [Silvano HRELJA Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats or HNS [Vesna PUSIC Croatian Pure Party of Rights or HCSP [Josip MILJIC Democratic Centre or DC [Vesna SKARE-OZBOLT HDZ-led Coalition [Tomislav KARAMARKO Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC Independent List of Ivan Grubisic [Ivan GRUBISIC Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Boris MILETIC Kukuriku Coalition [Zoran MILANOVIC New Wave [Liubo JURCIC Reformists Party [Radimir CACIC Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Zoran MILANOVIC Sustainable Development for Croatia or ORaH [Mirela HOLY |
| Cuba | Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Raul CASTRO Ruz, first secretary |
| Curacao | Frente Obrero Liberashon (Workers' Liberation Front) or FOL [Anthony GODETT Movementu Futuro Korsou or MFK [Gerrit SCHOTTE Movishon Antia Nobo or MAN [Eunice EISDEN Partido Antia Restruktura or PAR [Emily DE JONGH-ELHAGE Partido pa Adelanto I Inovashon Soshal or PAIS [Alex ROSARIA Partido Nashonal di Pueblo or PNP [Humphrey DAVELAAR Pueblo Soberano or PS [Helmin WIELS |
| Cyprus | area under government control: Citizens' Alliance or SP [Giorgos LILLIKAS Democratic Party or DIKO [Nicolas PAPADOPOULOS Democratic Rally or DISY [Averof NEOPHYTOU (Neofytou) Ecological and Environmental Movement or KOP (Green Party) [Giorgos PERDIKIS European Party or EVROKO [Dimitris SYLLOURIS Movement of Social Democrats or KS-EDEK [Marinos SIZOPOULOS National Popular Front or ELAM [Christos CHRISTOU Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party) [Andros KYPRIANOU United Democrats or EDI [Praxoula ANTONIADOU area administered by Turkish Cypriots: Communal Democracy Party or TDP [Cemal OZYIGIT Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP [Mehmet BIRINCI Democrat Party- National Forces or DP-UG [Serdar DENKTAS National Justice Party or UAP [Fatma SOLMAZ National Unity Party or UBP [Huseyin OZGURGUN New Cyprus Party or YKP [Murat KANATLI Republican Turkish Party-United Forces or CTP-BG [Ozkan YORGANCIOGLU Social Democratic Party or SDP [Tozun TUNALI United Cyprus Party or BKP [Izzet IZCAN |
| Czech Republic | parties in parliament: Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Pavel BELOBRADEK Citizens for Budejovice or HOPB [Juraj THOMA Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Vojtech FILIP Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Bohuslav SOBOTKA Dawn of Direct Democracy or Usvit [Tomio OKAMURA Green Party or SZ [Jana DRAPALOVA Mayors and Independents or STAN [Martin PUTA Mayors for Liberec Region or SLK [Marek PIETER Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO [Andrej BABIS North Bohemians or S.cz [Bronislav SCHWARZ Party of Civic Rights or SPO [Jan VELEBA Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Karel SCHWARZENBERG parties outside parliament: Czech Pirate Party [Lukas CERNOHORSKY Free Citizens Party or Svobodni [Petr MACH Liberal Reform Party or Ostravak [Eva SCHWARZOVA |
| Denmark | Conservative People's Party or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN Danish People's Party or O [Kristian THULESEN DAHL Liberal Alliance or I [Anders SAMUELSEN Liberal Party or V [Lars LOKKE RAMUSSEN Social Democratic Party or A [Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT Social Liberal Party or B [Morten OSTERGAAR Socialist People's Party or F [Pia OLSEN DYHR Red Alliance (Unity List) [collective leadership, spokesperson Johanne SCHMIDT-NIELSEN Blue Alliance [collective leadership, spokesperson Lars Lokke RASMUSSEN |
| Djibouti | Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD Movement for Development and Liberty or MODEL [Sheikh Guirreh MEIDAL People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin Bahdon FARAH Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed YOUSSOUF Union for a Presidential Majority or UMP (a coalition of parties including RPP, FRUD, PND, and PPSD) Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ismail GUEDI Hared Union for National Salvation or USN (an umbrella coalition comprising PRD, PDD, MODEL, ARD, and UDJ) [Ahmed Youssouf HOUMER |
| Dominica | Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Judith PESTAINA Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT Dominica United Workers Party or UWP [Hector JOHN |
| Dominican Republic | Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Miguel VARGAS Maldonado National Progressive Front [Vinicio CASTILLO, Pelegrin CASTILLO Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Carlos MORALES Troncoso |
| Ecuador | Alianza PAIS movement [Rafael Vicente CORREA Delgado Avanza Party or AVANZA [Ramiro GONZALEZ Creating Opportunities Movement or CREO [Guillermo LASSO Institutional Renewal and National Action Party or PRIAN [Alvaro NOBOA Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement or MUPP [Rafael ANTUNI Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Lucio GUTIERREZ Borbua Popular Democracy Movement or MPD [Luis VILLACIS Roldosist Party or PRE Social Christian Party or PSC [Pascual DEL CIOPPO Socialist Party [Fabian SOLANO Society United for More Action or SUMA [Mauricio RODAS Warrior's Spirit Movement [Jaime NEBOT |
| Egypt | officially recognized: Al-Asala [Ehab SHIHA Al-Dustour (Constitution) Party [Hala SHOKRALLAH Al-Karama Party [Mohamed SAMY Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN Al-Wasat Party [Mohamad Abdel LATIF Al-Watan [Imad Abd al-GHAFUR Building and Development Party or BDP [Tarek al-ZOMOR Congress Party [Omar Mokhtar SEMEIDA Egyptian National Movement Party [Ahmed SHAFIK Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Mohamed Aboul GHAR El Tagamu'u Party [Sayed Abdel AAL Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL New Wafd Party [Sayed al-BADADWI Popular Current Party [Hamdeen SABAHI Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT Socialist Popular Alliance [Abdel Ghafar SHOUKR Strong Egypt Party [Abdel Moneim Aboul FOTOUH |
| El Salvador | Democratic Change (Cambio Democratico) or CD [Douglas AVILES Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ Great Alliance for National Unity or GANA [Jose Andres ROVIRA Caneles National Coalition (Concertation Nacional) or CN [Manuel RODRIGUEZ Nationalist Republican Alliance or ARENA [Jorge VELADO Party of Hope or PES [Rodolfo Antonio PARKER Soto Unidos por El Salvador [Manuel Rigoberto SOTO Lazo |
| Equatorial Guinea | Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Jeronimo OSA OSA ECORO Electoral Coalition or EC Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA not officially registered parties: Democratic Republican Force or FDR [Guillermo NGUEMA ELA Independent Candidacy or CI [Gabriel NSE OBIANG OBONO Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO Union for the Center Right or UDC [Avelino MOCACHE MEAENGA note: in November 2014, the government hosted a National Dialogue process to engage with the political opposition; the opposition particiapated with limited attendance and engagement; on March 18, 2015, the CPDS, FDR, and UP formed a coalition called the Front of Democratic Opposition or FOD |
| Eritrea | People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ [ISAIAS Afworki note: a National Assembly committee drafted a law on political parties in January 2001, but the full National Assembly never debated or voted on it |
| Estonia | Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) or K [Edgar SAVISAAR Estonian Conservative People's Party (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE [Mart HELME Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE [Taavi ROIVAS Free Party or EV [Andres HERKEL Social Democratic Party or SDE [Sven MIKSER Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica (Isamaa je Res Publica Liit) or IRL [Urmas REINSALU |
| Ethiopia | Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [Mohammed KEDIR All Ethiopian Unity Organization or AEUO [Hailu SHAWEL Arena Tigray [GEBRU Asrat Argoba People's Democratic Organization or APDO [Abdulkader MOHAMMED Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Party or BGPDP [Mulualem BESSE Coalition for Unity and Democratic Party or CUDP [AYELE Chamiso Ethiopian Democratic Party or EDP [MUSHE Semu Ethiopian Federal Democratic Forum or FORUM [Dr. Moga FRISSA Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF (including the following organizations: Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM; Oromo People's Democratic Organization or OPDO; Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement or SEPDM; and Tigray People's Liberation Front or TPLF) Gambella Peoples Unity Democratic Movement or GPUDM Gurage Peoples Democratic Front [GIRMA Bogale Harari National League or HNL [YASIN Husein Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement or OFDM Oromo People's Congress or OPC [IMERERA Gudina Somali Democratic Alliance Forces or SODAF [BUH Hussien Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP [Abdulfetah Sheck ABDULAHI South Ethiopian People's Democratic Union or SEPDU [TILAHUN Endeshaw United Ethiopian Democratic Forces or UEDF [BEYENE Petros Unity for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Dr. NEGASSO Gidada |
| European Union | Confederal Group of the European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Gabriele ZIMMER Europe of Freedom and Democracy Group or EFD [Nigel FARAGE and David BORRELLI European Conservatives and Reformists Group or ECR [Syed KAMALL Group of Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Rebecca HARMS and Philippe LAMBERTS Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE [Guy VERHOFSTADT Group of the European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Gianni PITELLA |
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | none; all independents |
| Faroe Islands | Center Party (Midflokkurin) [Jenis av RANA Independence Party (Sjalvstyrisflokkurin) [Kari P. HOJGAARD People's Party (Folkaflokkurin) [Jorgen NICLASEN Progressive Party (Framsokn) [Poul MICHELSEN Republican Party (Tjodveldi) [Hogni HOYDAL Social Democratic Party (Javnadarflokkurin) [Aksel JOHANNESEN Union Party (Sambandsflokkurin) [Kaj Leo JOHANNESEN |
| Fiji | FijiFirst [Aiyaz SAYED-KHAIYUM Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY Fiji United Freedon Party or FUFP [Jagath KARUNARATNE National Federation Party or NFP [Dalip KUMAR Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Adi Sivia QORO Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA [Pio TABAIWALU |
| Finland | Center Party or Kesk [Juha SIPILA Christian Democrats or KD [Paivi RASANEN Green League or Vihr [Ville NIINISTO Left Alliance or Vas [Paavo ARHINMAKI National Coalition Party or Kok [Alexander STUBB Social Democratic Party or SDP [Antii RINNE Swedish People's Party or SFP [Carl HAGLUND The Finns Party or PS [Timo SOINI |
| France | Europe Ecology - The Greens or EELV [Emmanuelle COSSE French Communist Party or PCF [Pierre LAURENT Left Front Coalition or FDG [Jean-Luc MELENCHON Left Party or PG [Jean-Luc MELENCHON and Martine BILLARD Left Radical Party or PRG [Jean-Michel BAYLET Movement for France or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS National Front or FN [Marine LE PEN New Anticapitalist Party or NPA [collective leadership; main spokesperson Christine POUPIN New Center or NC [Herve MORIN Radical Party [Jean-Louis BORLOO Rally for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA Republican and Citizen Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT Socialist Party or PS [Haerlem DESIR Union des Democrates et Independants or UDI [Jean-Louis BORLOO Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Nicolas SARKOZY United Republic or RS [Dominique DE VILLEPIN Worker's Struggle (Lutte Ouvriere) or LO [collective leadership; spokespersons Nathalie ARTHAUD and Arlette LAQUILLER |
| French Polynesia | A Tia Porinetia [Teva ROHFRITSCH Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN (includes the parties The New Star and This Country is Yours) New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON Our Home alliance People's Servant Party (Tavini Huiraatira) [James CHANCELOR Popular Rally (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE Union for Democracy alliance or UPD [Oscar TEMARU |
| Gabon | Alliance for National Rebirth or ARENA [Richard MOULOMBA Circle of Liberal Reformers or CLR [General Jean Boniface ASSELE Congress for Democracy and Justice or CDJ [Jules Aristide Bourdes OGOULIGUENDE Democratic and Republican Alliance or ADERE [Divungui-di-Ndinge DIDJOB Gabonese Democratic Party or PDG [Ali BONGO Ondimba Gabonese Party for Progress or PGP [Benoit Mouity NZAMBA Gabonese Union for Democracy and Development or UGDD [Zacharie MYBOTO Independent Center Party of Gabon or PGCI [Luccheri GAHILA National Rally of Woodcutters-Democratic or RNB-D [Pierre Andre KOMBILA National Rally of Woodcutters-Rally for Gabon or RNB-RPG (Bucherons) [Fr. Paul M'BA-ABESSOLE Party of Development and Social Solidarity or PDS [Seraphin Ndoat REMBOGO Social Democratic Party or PSD [Pierre Claver MAGANGA-MOUSSAVOU Union for Democracy and Social Integration or UDIS Union for the New Republic or UPRN [Louis Gaston MAYILA Union of Gabonese People or UPG [Mathieu Mboumba NZIENGUI - until the next Congress |
| Gambia, The | Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or APRC [Yahya JAMMEH Gambia People's Democratic Party or GPDP [Henry GOMEZ National Alliance for Democracy and Development or NADD [Halifa SALLAH National Convention Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat BAH People's Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS [Halifa SALLAH People's Progressive Party or PPP [Omar JALLOW United Democratic Party or UDP [Ousainou DARBOE |
| Georgia | Alliance of Patriots [Irma INASHVILI Conservative Party [Zviad DZIDZIGURI European Democrats [Paata DAVITAIA Free Georgia [Kakha KUKAVA Georgian Dream (a five-party coalition composed of Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia, Republican Party, National Forum, Conservative Party, and Industry Will Save Georgia, plus two factions of independent majoritarians) Georgian Dream (a six-party coalition composed of Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia, Republican Party, Our Georgia-Free Democrats, National Forum, Conservative Party, and Industry Will Save Georgia) Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia [Irakli GARIBASHVILI Georgian People's Front [Nodar NATADZE Georgian Troupe [Jondi BAGHTURIA Industry Will Save Georgia (Industrialists) or IWSG [Giorgi TOPADZE Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI National Democratic Party or NDP [Bachuki KARDAVA National Forum [Kakhaber SHARTAVA New Rights [Pikria CHIKHRADZE Our Georgia-Free Democrats (OGFD) [Irakli ALASANIA People's Party [Koba DAVITASHVILI Republican Party [Khatuna SAMNIDZE Traditionalists [Akaki ASATIANI United Democratic Movement [Nino BURJANADZE United National Movement or UNM [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI |
| Germany | Alliance '90/Greens [Cem OEZDEMIR and Simone PETER Alternative for Germany or AfD [Bernd LUCKE Christian Social Union or CSU [Horst SEEHOFER Free Democratic Party or FDP [Christian LINDNER Left Party or Die Linke [Katia KIPPING and Bernd RIEXINGER Social Democratic Party or SPD [Sigmar GABRIEL |
| Ghana | Convention People's Party or CPP [Samia NKRUMAH National Democratic Congress or NDC [John Dramani MAHAMA New Patriotic Party or NPP [Paul AFOKO People's National Convention or PNC [Alhaji Amed RAMADAN note: listed are four of the more popular political parties as of December 2012; there are more than 20 registered parties |
| Gibraltar | Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Daniel FEETHAM Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Fabian PICARDO Progressive Democratic Party [Nick CRUZ |
| Greece | Coalition of the Radical Left or SYRIZA [Alexis TSIPRAS Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Dimitris KOUTSOUMBAS Golden Dawn [Nikolaos MICHALOLIAKOS Independent Greeks or ANEL [Panagiotis (Panos) KAMMENOS Movement of Democratic Socialists or KIDISO [George PAPANDREOU New Democracy or ND [Antonis SAMARAS Panhellenic Socialist Movement-Democratic Alignment or PASOK-DP [Evangelos VENIZELOS Popular Orthodox Rally or LAOS [Georgios KARATZAFERIS Teleia (Full Stop) [Apostolos GKLETSOS To Potami (The River) [Stavros THEODORAKIS Union of Centrists or EK [Vassilis LEVENTIS |
| Greenland | Democrats Party (Demokraatit) or D [Jens B. FREDERIKSEN Forward Party (Siumut) or S [Aleqa HAMMOND Inuit Community (Inuit Ataqatigiit) or IA [Kuupik KLEIST Inuit Party (Partii Inuit) or PI [Nikku OLSEN Solidarity Party (Atassut) or A [Gerhardt PETERSEN |
| Grenada | Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Wilfred HAYES National Democratic Congress or NDC [Tillman THOMAS New National Party or NNP [Keith MITCHELL |
| Guam | Democratic Party [Carlo BRANCH Republican Party [Mike BENITO |
| Guatemala | Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Roberto GONZALEZ Diaz-Duran Democratic Union or UD [Edwin Armando MARTINEZ Herrera Encounter for Guatemala or EG [Nineth MONTENEGRO Cottom Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS Grand National Alliance or GANA [Jaime Antonio MARTINEZ Lohayza Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG [Angel SANCHEZ Viesca Institutional Republican Party (formerly the Guatemalan Republican Front) or PRI [Luis Fernando PEREZ National Advancement Party or PAN [Juan GUTIERREZ Strauss National Unity for Hope or UNE [Sandra TORRES Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Mario ESTRADA New National Alternative or ANN [Pablo MONSANTO Patriot Party or PP [Ingrid Roxana BALDETTI Elias Renewed Democratic Liberty or LIDER [Manuel BALDIZON Unionista Party or PU [Alvaro ARZU Irigoyen Victoria (Victory) [Amilcar RIVERA Vision with Values or VIVA [Harold CABALLEROS Winaq [Rigoberta MENCHU |
| Guernsey | none; all independents |
| Guinea-Bissau | African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cabo Verde or PAIGC [Domingos Simoes PEREIRA Democratic Convergence Party or PCD [Victor MANDINGA New Democracy Party or PND [Iaia DJALO Party for Social Renewal or PRS [Filomeno Mendes PEREIRA Republican Party for Independence and Development or PRID [Aristides GOMES Union for Change or UM [Agnelo REGALA |
| Guinea | National Party for Hope and Development or PEDN [Lansana KOUYATE Rally for the Guinean People or RPG [Alpha CONDE Union for the Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean Marie DORE Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or UFDG [Cellou Dalein DIALLO Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE note: listed are the five most popular parties as of January 2014; overall, there are more than 140 registered parties |
| Guyana | A Partnership for National Unity or APNU [David GRANGER Alliance for Change or AFC [Khemraj RAMJATTAN Justice for All Party [C.N. SHARMA People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Donald RAMOTAR Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR The Unity Party [Joey JAGAN Vision Guyana [Peter RAMSAROOP |
| Haiti | Assembly of Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Mirlande MANIGAT Christian and Citizen For Haiti's Reconstruction or ACCRHA [Chavannes JEUNE Convention for Democratic Unity or KID [Evans PAUL Cooperative Action to Rebuild Haiti or KONBA [Jean William JEANTY December 16 Platform or Platfom 16 Desanm [Dr. Gerard BLOT Democratic Alliance or ALYANS [Evans PAUL Democratic Centers's National Council or CONACED [Osner FEVRY Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti-Revolutionary Party of Haiti or MODELH-PRDH Effort and Solidarity to Create an Alternative for the People or ESKAMP [Joseph JASME Fanmi Lavalas or FL [Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE For Us All or PONT [Jean-Marie CHERESTAL Grouping of Citizens for Hope or RESPE [Charles-Henri BAKER Haiti in Action or AAA [Youri LATORTUE Haitians for Haiti [Yvon NEPTUNE Independent Movement for National Reconstruction or MIRN [Luc FLEURINORD Konbit Pou refe Ayiti or KONBIT Lavni Organization or LAVNI [Yves CRISTALIN Liberal Party of Haiti or PLH [Jean Andre VICTOR Liberation Platform or PLATFORME LIBERATION Love Haiti or Renmen Ayiti [Jean-Henry CEANT and Camille LEBLANC Merging of Haitian Social Democratics or FUSION [Edmonde Supplice BEAUZILE Mobilization for National Development or MDN [Hubert de RONCERAY National Front for the Reconstruction of Haiti or FRN [Guy PHILIPPE New Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU Peasant's Response or Repons Peyizan [Michel MARTELLY Platform Alternative for Progress and Democracy or ALTENATIV [Victor BENOIT and Evans PAUL Platform of Haitian Patriots or PLAPH [Dejean BELISAIRE and Himmler REBU Popular Party for the Renewal of Haiti or PPRH [Claude ROMAIN Rally or RASAMBLE Respect or RESPE Socialist Action Movement or MAS Strength in Unity or Ansanm Nou Fo [Leslie VOLTAIRE Struggling People's Organization or OPL [Sauveur PIERRE-ETIENNE Union [Chavannes JEUNE Union of Haitian Citizens for Democracy, Development, and Education or UCADDE [Jeantel JOSEPH Union of Nationalist and Progressive Haitians or UNPH [Edouard FRANCISQUE Unity or Inite [Levaillant LOUIS-JEUNE Vigilance or Veye Yo [Lavarice GAUDIN Youth for People's Power or JPP [Rene CIVIL |
| Holy See (Vatican City) | none |
| Honduras | Anti-Corruption Party or PAC [Salvador NASRALLA Christian Democratic Party or DC [Felicito AVILA Ordonez Democratic Unification Party or UD [Cesar HAM Freedom and Refounding Party or LIBRE [Jose Manuel ZELAYA Rosales Liberal Party or PL [Mauricio VILLEDA Bermudez National Party of Honduras or PNH [Gladys Aurora LOPEZ Social Democratic Innovation and Unity Party or PINU [Jorge Rafael AGUILAR Paredes |
| Hong Kong | parties: Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood or ADPL [Bruce LIU Sing-lee Business and Professional Alliance or BPA [Andrew LEUNG Civic Party [EU Audrey Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong or DAB [TAM Yiu-chung Democratic Party [Emily LAU Labor Party [LEE Cheuk-yan League of Social Democrats or LSD [LEUNG Kwok-hung Liberal Party [Felix CHUNG Kwok-pan Neo Democrats [joint leaders New People's Party [Regina IP Lau Su-yee People Power [Erica YUEN Mi-ming others: Confederation of Trade Unions or CTU Federation of Trade Unions or FTU Neighborhood and Workers Service Center or NWSC Professional Commons (think tank) [Charles Peter MOK Professional Teachers Union or PTU note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - ADPL, Civic Party, Democratic Party, Labor Party, LSD, People Power, Professional Commons; pro-Beijing - DAB, FTU, Liberal Party, New People's Party, BPA; there is no political party ordinance, so there are no registered political parties; politically active groups register as societies or companies |
| Hungary | Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Zsolt SEMJEN Democratic Coalition or DK [Ferenc GYURCSANY Dialogue for Hungary or PM [Gergely KARACSONY, Timea SZABO, co-chairs Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz [Viktor ORBAN Hungarian Liberal Party or MLP [Gabor FODOR Hungarian Socialist Party or MSZP [Jozsef TOBIAS Movement for a Better Hungary or Jobbik [Gabor VONA Politics Can Be Different or LMP [Andras SCHIFFER, Bernadett SZEL Together 2014 or Egyutt [Viktor SZIGETVARI Unity [a coalition of MSZP, Egyutt, DK, PM, and MLP for the 2014 legislative elections, since dissolved |
| Iceland | Bright Future (Bjort Framtid) or BF [Gudmundur STEINGRIMSSON Dawn (Dogun) [Benedikt SIGURDARSON Independence Party (Sjalfstaedisflokkurinn) or IP [Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON Left-Green Movement (Vinstrihreyfingin) or LGM [Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR Pirate Party [Birgitta JONSDOTTIR Progressive Party (Framsoknarflokkurinn) or PP [Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON Rainbow [Bjarni HAROARSON Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin) or SDA [Arni Pall ARNASON Solidarity (Samstada) [Lilja MOSESDOTTIR |
| India | Aam Aadmi Party or AAP [Arvind KEJRIWAL All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or AIADMK [J. JAYALALITHAA All India Trinamool Congress or AITC [Mamata BANERJEE Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP [MAYAWATI Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP [Amit SHAH Biju Janata Dal or BJD [Naveen PATNAIK Communist Party of India or CPI [Suravaram Sudhakar REDDY, Secretary-General Communist Party of India-Marxist or CPI(M) [Prakash KARAT Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or DMK [M.KARUNANIDHI Indian National Congress or INC [Sonia GANDHI Janata Dal (United) or JD(U) [Sharad YADAV Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) [Ram Vilas PASWAN Nationalist Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR Rashtriya Janata Dal or RJD [Lalu Prasad YADAV Rashtriya Lok Dal or RLD [Ajit SINGH Samajwadi Party or SP [Mulayam Singh YADAV Shiromani Akali Dal or SAD [Parkash Singh BADAL Shiv Sena or SS [Uddhav THACKERAY Telegana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) [K. Chandrashekar RAO Telugu Desam Party or TDP [Chandrababu NAIDU YSR Congress(YSRC) [Jaganmohan REDDY note: India has dozens of national and regional political parties |
| Indonesia | Democrat Party or PD [Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO Functional Groups Party or GOLKAR [Aburizal BAKRIE Great Indonesia Movement Party or GERINDRA [PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri National Awakening Party or PKB [Muhaiman ISKANDAR National Mandate Party or PAN [Hatta RAJASA People's Conscience Party or HANURA [WIRANTO Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Anis MATTA United Development Party or PPP [NA |
| Iran | note: formal political parties are a relatively new phenomenon in Iran and most conservatives still prefer to work through political pressure groups rather than parties; often political parties or coalitions are formed prior to elections and disbanded soon thereafter; a loose pro-reform coalition called the 2nd Khordad Front, which includes political parties as well as less formal groups and organizations, achieved considerable success in elections for the sixth Majles in early 2000; groups in the coalition included the Islamic Iran Participation Front (IIPF), Executives of Construction Party (Kargozaran), Solidarity Party, Islamic Labor Party, Mardom Salari, Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization (MIRO), and Militant Clerics Society (MCS; Ruhaniyun); the coalition participated in the seventh Majles elections in early 2004 but boycotted them after 80 incumbent reformists were disqualified; following his defeat in the 2005 presidential elections, former MCS Secretary General and sixth Majles Speaker Mehdi KARUBI formed the National Trust Party; a new conservative group, Islamic Iran Developers Coalition (Abadgaran), took a leading position in the new Majles after winning a majority of the seats in February 2004; ahead of the 2008 Majles elections, traditional and hardline conservatives attempted to close ranks under the United Front of Principlists and the Broad Popular Coalition of Principlists; several reformist groups, such as the MIRO and the IIPF, also came together as a reformist coalition in advance of the 2008 Majles elections; the IIPF has repeatedly complained that the overwhelming majority of its candidates were unfairly disqualified from the 2008 elections |
| Iraq | Anbar Loyalty Party [Qasim al-FAHADAWI Awakening Conference [Ahmad al-RISHAWI Badr Organization [Hadi al-AMIRI Civil Democratic Alliance Da'wa Party (Islamic) [Vice President Nuri al-MALIKI Da'wa Tanzim [Hashim al-MUSAWI branch Fadilah Party [Ammar TUAMA Goran (Change) List (also known as the Movement for Change) [Nushirwan MUSTAFA Iraq Coalition [Abd al-Salam al-HAMMUDI Iraqi Front for National Dialogue [Deputy Prime Minister Salih al-MUTLAQ Iraqi Islamic Party or IIP [Ayad al-SAMARRA�I Iraqi Justice and Reform Movement [Shaykh Abdallah al-YAWR Iraqi National Congress or INC [Ahmad CHALABI Iraqi Turkoman Front [Arshad al-SALIHI Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq or ISCI [Ammar al-HAKIM Kurdistan Democratic Party or KDP [Kurdistan Regional Government President Masud BARZANI Kurdistan Islamic Group (also called Islamic Group of Kurdistan) [Ali BAPIR Kurdish Islamic Union [ Mohammed FARAI Nationalism Coalition/Al Wataniyah [Vice President Ayad ALLAWI National Future Gathering [Dhafir al-ANI National Movement for Reform and Development [Muhammad al-KARBULI National Reform Trend [Foreign Minister Ibrahim al-JAFARI Patriotic Union of Kurdistan or PUK [former President Jalal TALABANI Sadrist Trend [Muqtada al-SADR Shia Independents [Higher Education Minister Husayn al-SHAHRISTANI United for Iraq/Muttahidun Party [Vice President Usama al-NUJAYFI Coalitions and Leaders: Al Ahrar Coalition/Sadrist Trend [Muqtada al-SADR Al-Arabiyah Coalition [Deputy Prime Minister Salih al-MUTLAQ Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (ISCI) Coalition/Muwatin [Ammar al-HAKIM Kurdistan Alliance [Muhsin al-SADUN Nationalism Coalition/Al Wataniyah [Vice President Ayad ALLAWI State of Law Coalition [Vice President Nouri al MALIKI United for Reform Coalition/Muttahidun Party [Vice President Usama al-NUJAYFI note: numerous smaller local, tribal, and minority parties |
| Ireland | Fianna Fail [Micheal MARTIN Fine Gael [Enda KENNY Green Party [Eamon RYAN Labor (Labour) Party [Joan BURTON Renua Ireland [Lucinda CREIGHTON Sinn Fein [Gerry ADAMS Socialist Party [Collective Leadership The Workers' Party [Michael DONNELLY |
| Isle of Man | Alliance for Progressive Government Liberal Vannin Party [Peter KARRAN Manx Labor Party Mec Vannin [Bernard MOFFATT note: most members sit as independents |
| Israel | Balad [Jamal ZAHALKA Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (HADASH) [Muhammad BARAKEH Kadima [Shaul MOFAZ Kulanu [Moshe KAHLON Labor Party [Isaac HERZOG Likud [Binyamin NETANYAHU National Union [Uri ARIEL SHAS [Eliyahu YISHAI The Jewish Home (Bayit Yehudi) [Naftali BENNETT The Movement (Hatnuah) [Tzipora "Tzipi" LIVNI The New Movement-Meretz [Haim ORON The Zionist Camp (established for March 2015 election purposes) United Arab List-Ta'al [Ibrahim SARSUR United Torah Judaism or UTJ [Yaakov LITZMAN Yesh Atid [Yair LAPID Yisrael Beiteinu or YB [Avigdor LIEBERMAN |
| Italy | Center-right parties:: Brothers of Italy or FdI [Giorgia MELONI, Ignazio LA RUSSA, and Guido CROSETTO Forza Italia [Silvio BERLUSCONI The New Center-Right or NCD [Angelino ALFANO Northern League or LN [Roberto MARONI The Right or LD [Francesco STORACE other minor parties Center-left parties:: Democratic Centre or CD [Bruno TABACCI and Massimo DONADI Democratic Party or PD [Matteo RENZI Italian Socialist Party or PSI [Riccardo NENCINI Left Ecology Freedom or SEL [Nichi VENDOLA South Tyrolean People's Party or SVP [Arno KOMPATSCHER Centrist parties:: Civic Choice or SC [Alberto BOMBASSEI Future and Freedom for Italy or FLI [vacant Union of the Center or UdC [Pier Ferdinando CASINI other coalitions and parties:: Act to Stop the Decline or FiD [Michele BOLDRIN Civil Revolution or RC [Antonio INGROIA Five Star Movment or M5S [Beppe GRILLO |
| Jamaica | Jamaica Labor Party or JLP [Andrew HOLNESS People's National Party or PNP [Portia SIMPSON-MILLER National Democratic Movement or NDM [Michael WILLIAMS |
| Japan | Democratic Party of Japan or DPJ [Banri KAIEDA Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII Japan Innovation Party or JIP [Kenji EDA Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Shinzo ABE New Komeito or NK [Natsuo YAMAGUCHI Party for Future Generations or PFG [Shintaro ISHIHARA People's Life Party or PLP [Ichiro OZAWA Social Democratic Party or SDP [Tadatomo YOSHIDA |
| Jersey | one declared party: Jersey Democratic Alliance note: all senators and deputies elected in 2008 were independents |
| Jordan | Ahl al-Himma Al-Bayyan Al-Hayah Jordanian Party [Zahier AMR Arab Ba'ath Socialist Party [Akram al-HIMSI Ba'ath Arab Progressive Party [Fuad DABBOUR Citizenship Construction Cooperation Dawn Democratic People's Party [Ablah ABU ULBAH Democratic Popular Unity Party [Sa'id DIAB Dignity Du'a Party [Muhammed ABU BAKR Free Voice Islamic Action Front or IAF [Hamzah MANSOUR Islamic Centrist Party [Muhammad al-HAJ Jordanian Communist Party [Munir HAMARNAH Jordanian National Party [Muna ABU BAKR Jordanian United Front [Amjad al-MAJALI Labor and Trade Nation National Accord Youth Block National Action National Constitution Party [Ahmad al-SHUNAQ National Current Party [Abd al-Hadi al-MAJALI National Movement for Direct Democracy [Muhammad al-QAQ National Union National Unity Nobel Jerusalem Risalah Party [Hazem QASHOU Salvation Stronger Jordan The Direct Democratic Nationalists Movement Party [Nash'at KHALIFAH The People Unified Front United Front Voice of the Nation |
| Kazakhstan | Ak Zhol Party (Bright Path) [Azat PERUASHEV Alga [Vladimir KOZLOV Auyl (Village) [Gani KALIYEV Azat (Freedom) Party [Bolat ABILOV Birlik (Unity) [Seril SULTANGALI NSDP [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY Communist Party of Kazakhstan or KPK [Serikbolsyn ABDILDIN Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan [Vladislav KOSAREV National Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY Nur Otan (Fatherland's Ray of Light) [Nursultan NAZARBAYEV, Nurlan NIGMATULIN Patriots' Party [Gani KASYMOV |
| Kenya | Alliance Party of Kenya or AKP [Kiraitu MURUNGI Amani Coalition (includes UDF, KANU, NFK) [Musalia MUDAVADI Coalition for Reforms and Democracy or CORD (includes ODM, WDM-K, FORD-K) [Raila ODINGA Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Moses WETANGULA Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-P [Henry OBWOCHA Jubilee Alliance (includes TNA, URP, NARC) [Uhuru KENYATTA Kenya African National Union or KANU [Gideon MOI National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Charity NGILU New Ford Kenya or NFK [Eugene WAMALWA Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya or ODM [Raila ODINGA The National Alliance or TNA [Uhuru KENYATTA United Democratic Forum Party or UDF [Musalia MUDAVADI United Republican Party or URP [William RUTO Wiper Democratic Movement-K or WDM-K (formerly Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-K) [Kalonzo MUSYOKA |
| Kiribati | Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Anote TONG Kamaeuraoan Te I-Kiribati Party or KTK [Tetaua TAITAI Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP [Rimeta BENIAMINA note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures |
| Korea, North | major party: Korean Workers' Party or KWP [KIM Jong Un minor parties: Chondoist Chongu Party [RYU Mi Yong Social Democratic Party [KIM Yong Dae |
| Korea, South | Justice Party [CHEON Ho-sun Liberty Forward Party or LFP (merged with NFP in October 2012) New Frontier Party (NFP) or Saenuri (formerly Grand National Party) [KIM Moo-sung New Politics Alliance for Democracy or NPAD [MOON Jae-in Unified Progressive Party or UPP (disbanded in December 2014) |
| Kosovo | Albanian Christian Democratic Party of Kosovo or PSHDK [Uke BERISHA Alliance for the Future of Kosovo or AAK [Ramush HARADINAJ Civic Initiative for Kosovo or NISMA [Fatmir LIMAJ Conservative Party of Kosovo or PK [Munir BASHA Democratic League of Kosovo or LDK [Isa MUSTAFA Democratic Party of Kosovo or PDK [Hashim THACI Justice Party of Kosovo or PD [Ferid AGANI Kosovo Democratic Turkish Party or KDTP [Mahir YAGCILAR Movement for Self-Determination (Vetevendosje) or VV [Visar YMERI Movement for Unification or LB [Avni KLINAKU Serbian List [Aleksandar JABLANOVIC Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo or KDTP [Mahir YAGCILAR Vakat Coalition or VAKAT [Rasim DEMIRI note: a coalition formed for the 2014 parliamentary elections included the PDK, PD, LB, PSHDK, and PK |
| Kuwait | none; while the formation of political parties is not permitted, they are not forbidden by law |
| Kyrgyzstan | Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Feliks KULOV Ata-Jurt (Homeland) [Kamchybek TASHIEV, Akhmat KELDIBEKOV, Sadyr JAPAROV Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAEV Butun Kyrgyzstan (All Kyrgyzstan) [Adakhan MADUMAROV Respublika [Omurbek BABANOV Social-Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan (SDPK) [Almazbek ATAMBAEV |
| Laos | Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [CHOUMMALI Saignason |
| Latvia | Alliance of Regions or LRA [Martins BONDARS, Dainis LIEPINS For Latvia from the Heart or NSL [Inguna SUDRABA Social Democratic Party "Harmony" or SC [Janis URBANOVICS, Nils USAKOVS National Alliance "All For Latvia!"-"For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK" or NA [Gaidis BERZINS, Raivis DZINTARS Union of Greens and Farmers or ZZS [Augusts BRIGMANIS, Raimonds VEJONIS Unity [Solvita ABOLTINA |
| Lebanon | 14 March Coalition: Democratic Left [Ilyas ATALLAH Democratic Renewal Movement [Nassib LAHUD Future Movement Bloc [Sa'ad al-HARIRI Kataeb Party [Amine GEMAYEL Lebanese Forces [Samir JA'JA Tripoli Independent Bloc 8 March Coalition: Development and Resistance Bloc [Nabih BERRI, leader of Amal Movement Free Patriotic Movement [Michel AWN Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc [Mohammad RA'AD Nasserite Popular Movement [Usama SAAD Popular Bloc [Elias SKAFF Syrian Ba'th Party [Sayez SHUKR Syrian Social Nationalist Party [Ali QANSO Tashnaq [Hovig MEKHITIRIAN Independent: Democratic Gathering Bloc [Walid JUNBLATT, leader of Progressive Socialist Party Metn Bloc [Michel MURR |
| Lesotho | All Basotho Convention or ABC [Motsoahae Thomas THABANE Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Thulo MAHLAKENG Basotho National Party or BNP [Thesele MASERIBANE Democratic Congress or DC [Pakalitha MOSISILI Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Mothetjoa METSING Lesotho Peoples Congress or LPC [Molahlehi LETLOTLO Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP [Vincent MALEBO National Independent Party or NIP [Kimetso MATHABA Popular Front for Democracy of PFD [Lekhetho RAKUOANE Reformed Congress of Lesotho or RCL [Keketso RANTSO |
| Liberia | Alliance for Peace and Democracy or APD [Marcus S. G. DAHN Alternative National Congress or ANC [Orishil GOULD Congress for Democratic Change or CDC [George WEAH Liberia Destiny Party or LDP [Nathaniel BARNES Liberia Transformation Party or LTP [Julius SUKU Liberty Party or LP [J. Fonati KOFFA Movement for Progressive Change or MPC [Simeon FREEMAN National Democratic Coalition or NDC [Dew MAYSON National Democratic Party of Liberia or NDPL [D. Nyandeh SIEH National Patriotic Party or NPP [Theophilus C. GOULD National Reformist Party or NRP [Maximillian T. W. DIABE National Union for Democratic Progress or NUDP [Victor BARNEY Unity Party or UP [Varney SHERMAN |
| Libya | Al-Watan (Homeland) Party Justice and Construction Party or JCP [Muhammad SAWAN National Forces Alliance or NFA [Mahmoud JIBRIL, founder National Front (initially the National Front for the Salvation of Libya, formed in 1981 as a diaspora opposition group) Union for the Homeland [Abd al-Rahman al-SUWAYHILI note: partial list of the larger political parties and leaders |
| Liechtenstein | Fatherland Union (Vaterlaendische Union) or VU [Jakob BUECHEL Progressive Citizens' Party (Fortschrittliche Buergerpartei) or FBP [Elfried HASLER The Free List (Die Freie Liste) or FL [Wolfgang MARXER the independents (Die Unabhaengigen) or DU [Harry QUADERER |
| Lithuania | Christian Party or KP [Gediminas VAGNORIUS Democratic Labor and Unity Party or DDVP [Kristina BRAZAUSKIENE Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI Emigrants Party or EP [Juozas MURAUSKAS Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Andrius KUBILIUS Labor Party or DP [Loreta GRAUZINIENE Liberal and Center Union or LCS [Arturas MELIANAS Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Eligijus MASIULIS Lithuanian People's Party or LLP [Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE Lithuanian People's Party or LZP [Joana SIMANAUSKIENE Lithuanian Russian Union or LRS [Sergejus DMITRIJEVAS Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Algirdas BUTKEVICIUS Nationalist Union or TS [Julius PANKA Order and Justice Party or TT [Rolandas PAKSAS Peasant and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS Republican Party or RP [Valdemaras VALKIUNAS Russian Alliance or RA [Tamara LOCHANKINA Socialist People's Front or SLF [Algirdas PALECKIS The Union of National Unity or TVS [Algimantas MATULEVICIUS Way of Courage or DK [Jonas VARKALA YES-Homeland Revival and Perspective or YES Union or TAIP Union or TAIP [Arturas ZUOKAS Young Lithuania Party or PJL [Stanislovas BUSKEVICIUS |
| Luxembourg | Alternative Democratic Reform Party or ADR [Jean SCHOOS Christian Social People's Party or CSV [Marc SPAUTZ Democratic Party or DP [Xavier BETTEL Green Party [Francoise FOLMER and Christian KMIOTEK Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Claude HAAGEN The Left (dei Lenk/la Gauche) [Serge URBANY other minor parties |
| Macau | Alliance for Change or APM [Melinda CHAN Mei-yi Macau-Guangdong Union or UMG [MAK Soi-kun New Democratic Macau Association or ANMD (an electoral list of the New Macau Association) New Hope or NE [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO New Macau Association or ANM [Sulu SOU Ka-hou New Union for Macau's Development or NUDM [Angela LEONG On-kei Prosperous Democratic Macau Association or APMD (an electoral list of the New Macau Association) Union for Development or UPD [KWAN Tsui-hang Union for Promoting Progress or UPP [HO Ion-sang United Citizens Association of Macau or ACUM [CHAN Meng-kam note: there is no political party ordinance, so there are no registered political parties; politically active groups register as societies or companies |
| Macedonia | Citizens Option for Macedonia or GROM [Stevco JAKIMOVSKI Democratic Party of Albanians or DPA [Menduh THACI Democratic Union for Integration or DUI [Ali AHMETI Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI National Democratic Revival or NDR [Rufi OSMANI Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Zoran ZAEV note: during the 2014 parliamentary elections VMRO-DPMNE, SDSM, and GROM each led coalitions |
| Madagascar | AVANA Party [Jean-Louis ROBINSON Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery/LEADER Fanilo or LF [Manasse ESOAVELOMANDROSO Green Party/Parti Vert or AMHM [Sarah Georget RABEHARISOA National Unity, Freedom, and Development or FFF [Andriamparany Benjamin RADAVIDSON New Force for Madagascar or FIDIO [Hery RAJAONARIMAMPIANINA Parti Hiaraka Isika or PHI [Albert Camille VITAL Party of Andry Rajoelina or MPAR [Andry RAJOELINA Pillar of Madagascar or AIM [Andry RAKOTOVAO Ravlomanana Movement or MR [Marc RAVALOMANANA Sambo Fiaran'i Noe or SFN Union Party or Tambatra [Pety RAKOTONIAINA Vondrona Politika Miara dia Malagasy Miara Miainga or VPM MMM [Milavonjy ANDRIASY |
| Malawi | Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Godfrey SHAWA Chipani Cha Fuko or CCP [Davis KATSONGA PHIRI Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [Peter MUTHARIKA Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Lazarus CHAKWERA People's Party or PP [Joyce BANDA United Democratic Front or UDF [Atupele MULUZI |
| Malaysia | National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN (ruling coalition) consists of the following parties: Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Party or GERAKAN [MAH Siew Keong Liberal Democratic Party (Parti Liberal Demokratik - Sabah) or LDP [TEO Chee Kang Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [LIOW Tiong Lai Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongres India Malaysia) or MIC [Govindasamy PALANIVEL Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah or PBRS [Joseph KURUP Parti Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu or PBB [Adenan SATEM Parti Rakyat Sarawak or PRS [James MASING Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party or SPDP [TIONG King Sing Sarawak United People's Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [Dr. SIM Kui Hian United Malays National Organization or UMNO [NAJIB bin Abdul Razak United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization (Pertubuhan Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [Wilfred Madius TANGAU People's Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Penduduk Malaysia) or PPP [M.Kayveas People's Alliance (Pakatan Rakyat) or PR (opposition coalition) consists of the following parties: Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [TAN Kok Wai Islamic Party of Malaysia (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [WAN AZIZAH Wan Ismail notable independent parties: Sabah Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Sabah) or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee State Reform Party (Parti Reformasi Negeri) or STAR [Jeffery KITINGAN |
| Maldives | note: political parties with an asterisk were dissolved on 7 February 2014 by the Elections Commission under the Political Parties Act, which requires a minimum membership; the status of these parties is unresolved, as the Supreme Court later ruled the dissolution invalid Adhaalath (Justice) Party or AP [Sheikh Imran ABDULLA Dhivehi Qaumee Party or DQP [Hassan SAEED Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party (Maldivian People's Party) or DRP Gaumee Itthihaad Party (National Unity Party) or GIP [Mohamed WAHEED Islamic Democratic Party or IDP* Maldives Development Alliance or MDA [Ahmed SIYAM Maldives National Congress or MNC [Ali AMJAD Maldives Reform Movement or MRM [Mohamed MUNAWWAR Maldivian Democratic Party or MDP [Reeko Moosa MANIKU Maldivian Labor Party or MLP [Ahmed MOOSA Maldivian Social Democratic Party or MSDP [Reeko Ibrahim MANIKU Meedhu Dhaaira People's Alliance or PA [Moosa ZAMEERI People's Party or PP [Ahmed RIYAZ Poverty Alleviation Party or PAP Progressive Party of Maldives or PPM [Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM Republican (Jumhooree) Party or JP [Qasim IBRAHIM Social Liberal Party or SLP [Mazian RASHEED |
| Mali | African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO, Secretary General Alliance for Democracy or ADEMA [Dionconda TRAORE Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (a coalition of political parties including ADEMA and URD formed in December 2006 to support the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE) Alliance for Democratic Change (political group comprised mainly of Tuareg from Mali's northern region) Alliance for the Solidarity of Mali-Convergence of Patriotic Forces or ASMA-CFP [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence or FARE [Modibo SIDIBE Convergence for the development of Mali or CODEM [Housseyni GUINDO Economic and Social Development Party or PDES [Jamille BITTAR Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (a coalition of political parties including RPM and PARENA formed to oppose the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE) Movement for a Common Destiny or MODEC [Koniba SIDIBE National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Mady KONATE Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT [Amadou Ali NIANGADOU Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Tieman Hubert COULIBALY Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE Yelema [Moussa MARA |
| Malta | Alternativa Demokratika/Alliance for Social Justice or AD (Green Party) [Arnold CASSOLA Labor Party or PL [Joseph MUSCAT Nationalist Party or PN [Simon BUSUTTIL |
| Marshall Islands | traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein Ad Party [Michael KABUA |
| Mauritania | Alliance for Justice and Democracy/Movement for Renewal or AJD/MR [Ibrahima Moctar SARR Alternative or El-Badil [Mohamed Yahdhi Ould MOCTAR HACEN Coalition of Majority Parties or CPM (parties supporting the regime including PRDR, UPR, UDP, RD, HATEM-PMUC, UCD) Coalition for Pacific Alternation or CAP (coalition of opposition parties, including APP, El Wiam, and Sawab) Coordination of Democratic Opposition or COD [Ahmed Ould DADDAH Democratic Renewal or RD [Moustapha Ould ABDEIDARRAHMANE El Karama Party [Cheikhna Ould Mohamed Ould HAJBOU El Vadila Party [Ethmane Ould Ahmed ABOULMAALY El Wiam [Boidiel Ould HOUMEIT Initiative for the Resurgence of the Abolitionist Movement (Biram Dah ABEID Mauritanian Party for Unity and Change or HATEM-PMUC [Saleh Ould HANENA National Pact for Democracy and Development or PNDD-ADIL [Yahya Ould Ahmed El WAGHEF National Rally for Freedom, Democracy and Equality or RNLDE National Rally for Reform and Development or RNRD-TAWASSOUL [Mohamed Jamil MANSOUR Party of Unity and Development or PUD [Mohamed BARO Popular Front or FP [Mohamed Lemine Ch'bih Ould CHEIKH MALAININE Popular Progressive Alliance or APP [Messaoud Ould BOULKHEIR Rally of Democratic Forces or RFD [Ahmed Ould DADDAH Ravah Party Republican Party for Democracy and Renewal or PRDR [Mintata Mint HIDEID Sawab [Abdel Salem Ould HORMA Socialist and Democratic Unity Party or PUDS [Mahfouz Weld AZIZ Surge of Youth for the Nation [Lalla CHERIVA Union for Democracy and Progress or UDP [Naha Mint MOUKNASS Union for the Republic or UPR [Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Mohamed LEMINE Union of Democratic Center or UCD [Cheikh Sid'Ahmed Ould BABA Union of the Forces for Progress or UFP [Mohamed Ould MAOULOUD |
| Mauritius | Alliance Lepep (Alliance of the People) [Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL Mauritian Solidarity Front (Front Solidarite Mauricienne) or FSM [Cehi FAKEERMEEAH Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH Muvman Liberator or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO PTR-MMM Coalition [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR |
| Mexico | Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) [Dante DELGADO Rannaoro Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI [Cesar CAMACHO Quiroz Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) or PVEM [Jorge Emilio GONZALEZ Torres Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracion Nacional) or MORENA [Marti BATRES National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [Gustavo MADERO Munoz New Alliance Party (Partido Nueva Alianza) or PNA/PANAL [Luis CASTRO Obregon Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Jesus ZAMBRANO Grijalva |
| Micronesia, Federated States of | no formal parties |
| Moldova | represented in Parliament: Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir VORONIN Democratic Party or PD [Marian LUPU Liberal Democratic Party or PLDM [Vladimir FILAT Liberal Party or PL [Mihai GHIMPU Party of Socialists or PSRM [Igor DODON not represented in Parliament: Anti-Fascist Movement or Antifa [Grigore PETRENCO Anti-Mafia Movement [Sergiu MOCANU Christian Democratic People's Party or PPCD [Iurie ROSCA Conservative Party or PC [Natalia NIRCA Ecological Party of Moldova "Green Alliance" or PEMAVE [Vladimir BRAGA European Action Movement or MAE [Veaceslav UNTILA Humanist Party of Moldova or PUM [Valeriu PASAT Labor Party or PM [Gheorghe SIMA Liberal Reformers Party or PLR [Ion HADARCA National Liberal Party or PNL [Vitalia PAVLICENKO Our Party [Renato USATII Patriots of Moldova Party or PPM [Mihail GARBUZ Popular Republican Party or PPR [Nicolae ANDRONIC Republican Party of Moldova or PRM [Andrei STRATAN Roma Social Political Movement of the Republic of Moldova or MRRM [Ion BUCUR Social Democratic Party or PSD [Victor SELIN Social Political Movement "Equality" or MR [Valeriy KLIMENCO United Moldova Party or PMUEM [Vladimir TURCAN |
| Monaco | Horizon Monaco [Laurent NOUVION Renaissance [SBM (public corporation) Union Monegasque [Stephane VALERI |
| Mongolia | Civil Will-Green Party or CWGP [Sanjaasuren OYUN, Sambuu DEMBEREL, Tserendorj GANKHUYAG Democratic Party or DP [Zandaakhuu ENKHBOLD Justice Coalition (includes MPRP and MNDP) Mongolian National Democratic Party or MNDP [Mendsaikhan ENKHSAIKHAN Mongolian People's Party or MPP [Miyegombo ENKHBOLD Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party or MPRP [Nambar ENKHBAYAR |
| Montenegro | Albanian Coalition (includes Democratic League in Montenegro or DSCG [Mehmet BARDHI Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC Coalition for European Montenegro (bloc) [Milo DJUKANOVIC Coalition FORCA for Unity (includes FORCA [Nazif CUNGU Croatian Civic Initiative or HGI [Marija VUCINOVIC Democratic Front or DF (bloc) (includes New Serb Democracy or NOVA [Andrija MANDIC Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Mehmet ZENKA Positive Montenegro [Darko PAJOVIC Socialist People's Party or SNP [Srdan MILIC |
| Montserrat | Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Reuben MEADE People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Shirley OSBORNE |
| Morocco | Action Party or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI Al Ahd (The Covenant) Party [Najib EL OUAZZANI An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj [Abdellah EL HARIF Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM [Mustapha BAKKOURY Choura et Istiqlal (Consultation and Independence) Party or PCI [Abdelwahed MAACH Citizens' Forces or FC [Abderrahman LAHJOUJI Constitutional Union Party or UC [Mohammed ABIED Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Touhami EL KHIARI Democratic Socialist Vanguard Party or PADS [Ahmed BENJELLOUN Democratic Society Party or PSD [Zhor CHEKKAFI Democratic Union or UD [Bouazza IKKEN Environment and Development Party or PED [Ahmed EL ALAMI Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI [Hamid CHABAT Labor Party or LP [Abdelkrim BENATIK Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohamed ZIANE National Democratic Party or PND [Abdallah KADIRI National Ittihadi Congress Party or CNI [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE National Rally of Independents or RNI [Salaheddine MEZOUAR Neo-Democrats Party [Mohamed DARIF Party of Justice and Development or PJD [Abdelillah BENKIRANE Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER Progress and Socialism Party or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH Reform and Development Party or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOUHEN Renaissance and Virtue Party or PRV [Mohamed KHALIDI Renewal and Equity Party or PRE [Chakir ACHABAR Social Center Party or PSC [Lahcen MADIH Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Driss LACHGAR Unified Socialist Party or GSU [Nabila MOUNIB |
| Mozambique | Democratic Movement of Mozambique (Movimento Democratico de Mocambique) or MDM [Daviz SIMANGO Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA Mozambique National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana) or RENAMO [Afonso DHLAKAMA |
| Namibia | All People's Party or APP [Ignatius SHIXWAMENI Communist Party of Namibia or CPN (formerly known as Workers' Revolutionary Party or WRP) [Attie BEUKES and Harry BOESAK Congress of Democrats or CoD [Ben ULENGA Democratic Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia or DTA [McHenry VENAANI National Unity Democratic Organization or NUDO [Kuaima RIRUAKO Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Hidipo HAMUTENYA Republican Party or RP [Henk MUDGE South West Africa National Union or SWANU [Usutuaije MAAMBERUA South West Africa People's Organization or SWAPO [Hifikepunye POHAMBA United Democratic Front or UDF [Justus //GAROEB United People's Movement or UPM [Jan J. VAN WYK |
| Nauru | Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party Nauru Party (informal) note: loose multiparty system |
| Nepal | note: 120 political parties participated in the 19 November 2013 election and the 30 parties listed below were elected to serve in the Constituent Assembly Akhanda Nepal Party [Kumar KHADKA Communist Party of Nepal-Marxist Leninist [C.P. MAINALI Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist-Leninist or UML [Jhalanath KHANAL Communist Party of Nepal (United) [Chandra Dev JOSHI Dalit Janajati Party [Bishwendra PASHWAN Federal Socialist Party [Ashok RAI Jana Jagaran Party Nepal [Lok Mani DHAKAL Khambuwan Rastriya Morcha-Nepal [Ram Kumar RAI Madhesi People's Rights Forum-Democratic [Bijay Kumar GACHCHADAR Madhesi People's Rights Forum-Nepal [Upendra YADAV Madhesi People's Rights Forum-Republican [Raj Kishore YADAV Madhes Samata Party Nepal [Meghraj SAHANI National Madhes Socialist Party [Sharat Singh BHANDARI Nepal Pariwar Dal [Ek Nath DHAKAL Nepal Workers and Peasants Party [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE Nepali Congress [Sushil KOIRALA Nepali Janata Dal [Hari Charan SAH Nepa Rastriya Party [Keshav Man SHAKYA Rastriya Janamorcha Nepal [Chitra Bahadur K.C. Rastriya Janamukti Party [Malwar Singh THAPA Rastriya Prajatantra Party [Surya Bahadur THAPA Rastriya Prajatantra Party-Nepal [Kamal THAPA Sadbhavana Party [Rajendra MAHATO Samajbadi Janata Party Nepal [Prem Bahadur SINGH Sanghiya Sadbhavana Party [Anil JHA Sanghiye Lokatantrik Rastriya Manch [Rukmini CHAUDARY Terai Madhes Democratic Party [Mahantha THAKUR Terai Madhes Sadbhavana Party-Nepal [Mahendra YADAV Tharuhat Terai Party Nepal [Bhanuram CHAUDARY Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) or UCPN(M) [Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, also known as PRACHANDA |
| Netherlands | Christian Democratic Appeal or CDA [Sybrand VAN HAERSMA BUMA Christian Union or CU [Arie SLOB Democrats 66 or D66 [Alexander PECHTOLD Green Left or GL [Bram VAN OJIK Labor Party or PvdA [Diederik SAMSOM Party for Freedom or PVV [Geert WILDERS Party for the Animals or PvdD [Marianne THIEME People's Party for Freedom and Democracy or VVD [Mark RUTTE Reformed Political Party or SGP [Kees VAN DER STAAIJ Socialist Party or SP [Emile ROEMER plus a few minor parties |
| New Caledonia | Build Our Rainbow Nation Caledonia Together [Philippe GOMES Caledonian Union or UC [Daniel GOA Front National or FN [Marine LE PEN Future Together (l'Avenir Ensemble) [Harold MARTIN Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM) Labor Party (Labor Party) [Louis Kotra UREGEI National Union for Independence (Union Nationale pour l'Independance) or UNI Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE Progressive Melanesian Union (Union Progressiste Mellanesienne) or UPM Socialist Group [Jean Pierre BEL Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN The Rally or UMP [Pierre FROGIER Union for Caledonia in France Union of Pro-Independence Co-operation Committees [Francois BURCK |
| New Zealand | ACT New Zealand [Rodney HIDE Green Party [Russel NORMAN and Metiria TUREI Jim Anderton's Progressive Party [James (Jim) ANDERTON Mana Party [Hone HARAWIRA Maori Party [Tariana TURIA and Dr. Pita SHARPLES New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS New Zealand Labor Party [Phil GOFF New Zealand National Party [John KEY United Future New Zealand [Peter DUNNE |
| Nicaragua | Alliance for the Republic or APRE [Carlos CANALES Conservative Party or PC [Alejandro BOLANOS Davis Independent Liberal Party or PLI [Indalecio RODRIGUEZ Liberal Constitutionalist Party or PLC [Maria Haydee OSUNA Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance or ALN [Alejandro MEJIA Ferreti Sandinista National Liberation Front or FSLN [Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra Sandinista Renovation Movement or MRS [Ana Margarita VIJIL |
| Nigeria | Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO Action Congress of Nigeria or ACN [Adebisi Bamidele AKANDE All Nigeria Peoples Party or ANPP [Ogbonnaya C. ONU All Progressives Congress [Adebisi Bamidele AKANDE, acting All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH Congress for Progressive Change or CPC [Tony MOMOH Democratic Peoples Party or DPP [Biodun OGUNBIYI Labor Party or LP [Chief Dan NWANYANWU Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Adamu MU'AZU |
| Niger | Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama [Mahamane OUSMANE National Movement for a Society of Development-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Seini OUMAROU National Union of Independents or UNI [Amadou DJIBO ALI Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moussa Moumouni DJERMAKOYE Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation or MODEN/FA Lumana [Hama AMADOU Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Mohamed BAZOUM Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a or RDP-Jama'a [Hamid ALGABID Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Cheiffou AMADOU Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat or UDR-Tabbat [Amadou Boubacar CISSE note: the SPLM and SPLM-DC are banned political parties |
| Niue | Alliance of Independents or AI Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN |
| Norfolk Island | Norfolk Island Labor Party [Mike KELLY Norfolk Liberals [John BROWN |
| Northern Mariana Islands | Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO Republican Party [Juan S. REYES |
| Norway | Center Party or Sp [Trygve Slagsvold VEDUM Christian Democratic Party or KrF [Knut Arild HAREIDE Conservative Party or H [Erna SOLBERG Green Party or MDG [Rasmus NANSSON Labor Party or Ap [Jonas Gahr STOHRE Liberal Party or V [Trine SKEI-GRANDE Progress Party or FrP [Siv JENSEN Socialist Left Party or SV [Audun LYSBAKKEN |
| Oman | political parties are illegal |
| Pakistan | Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A Balochistan National Party-Hayee Group or BNP-H [Dr. Abdul Hayee BALOCH Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Akhtar Jan MENGAL Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Sirajul HAQ Jamhoori Watan Party or JWP [Talal Akbar BUGTI Jamiat Ahle Hadith or JAH [Sajid MIR Jamiat-i Ulema-i Islam Fazl-ur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazl-ur REHMAN Jamiat-i Ulema-i Islam Sami-ul HAQ or JUI-S [Sami ul-HAQ Jamiat-i Ulema-i Pakistan or JUP [Abul Khair ZUBAIR Tehreek-e-Jafferia Pakistan [Allama Sajid NAQVI Muttahida Qaumi Movement or MQM [Altaf HUSSAIN Pakhtun-khwa Milli Awami Party or PKMAP [Mahmood Khan ACHAKZAI Pakistan Awami Tehrik or PAT [Tahir ul QADRI Pakistan Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO or Syed ShahMardan SHAH-II Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz or PML-N [Nawaz SHARIF Pakistan Muslim League-Quaid-i Azam or PML-Q [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians or PPPP [Bilawal Bhutto ZARDARI, chairman; Asif Ali ZARDARI Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI [Imran KHAN Quami Watan Party or QWP [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO note: political alliances in Pakistan can shift frequently |
| Palau | none |
| Panama | Democratic Change or CD [Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Carlos PEREZ Herrera Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Sergio GONZALEZ-Ruiz Panamenista Party [Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez Popular Party or PP [Milton HENRIQUEZ |
| Papua New Guinea | National Alliance Party or NA [Patrick PRUAITCHI Papua New Guinea Party or PNGP [Beldan NEMAH People's National Congress Party or PNC [Peter Paire O'NEILL People's Party or PP (merged with People's National Congress Party) People's Progress Party or PPP [Sir Julius CHAN Triumph Heritage Empowerment Party or THE [Don POYLE United Resources Party or URP [William DUMA note: as of 13 March 2012, 41 political parties were registered |
| Paraguay | Asociacion Nacional Republicana - Colorado Party or ANR [Lilian SAMANIEGO Avanza Pais coalition [Adolfo FERREIRO Broad Front coalition (Frente Guasu) or FG [Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez Movimiento Union Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Jorge OVIEDO MATTO Partido del Movimiento al Socialismo or P-MAS [Camilo Ernesto SOARES Machado Partido Democratica Progresista or PDP [Desiree MASI Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Fernando CAMACHO Paredes Partido Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Miguel ABDON SAGUIER Partido Pais Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA Pallares Partido Popular Tekojoja [Sixto PEREIRA Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PPQ [Sebastian ACHA |
| Peru | Alliance for Progress (Alianza para el Progreso) or APP [Cesar ACUNA Peralta Fuerza Popular (formerly Fuerza 2011) [Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi National Solidarity (Solidaridad Nacional) or SN [Luis CASTANEDA Lossio Peru Posible or PP (a coalition of Accion Popular and Somos Peru) [Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano) or PAP [Alan GARCIA Perez Peruvian Nationalist Party [Ollanta HUMALA Popular Christian Party (Partido Popular Cristiano) or PPC [Lourdes FLORES Nano Wide Front (Frente Amplio), a coalition of left-of-center parties including Tierra y Libertad [Marco ARANA Zegarra |
| Philippines | Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or LDP [Edgardo ANGARA Lakas ng EDSA-Christian Muslim Democrats or Lakas-CMD [Ferdinand Martin ROMUALDEZ, President Liberal Party or LP [Joseph Emilio ABAYA, President Nacionalista Party or NP [Manuel "Manny" VILLAR Nationalist People's Coalition or NPC [Eduardo COJUNGCO, Jr. PDP-Laban [Aquilino PIMENTEL III People's Reform Party [Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO Puwersa ng Masang Pilipino (Force of the Philippine Masses) or PMP [Joseph ESTRADA United Nationalist Alliance or UNA [Toby TIANGCO (acting) |
| Pitcairn Islands | none |
| Poland | A Just Poland (union of PR and SP) [Jaroslaw GOWIN Civic Platform or PO [Ewa KOPACZ,chairperson; Rafal GRUPINSKI, parliamentary caucus leader Democratic Left Alliance or SLD [Leszek MILLER, chairman, parliamentary caucus leader German Minority of Lower Silesia or MNSO [Ryszard GALLA, representative Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI, chairman; Mariusz BLASZCZAK, parliamentary caucus leader New Right Congress or KNP [Michal MARUSIK, chairman Poland Together or PR [Jaroslaw GOWIN, chairman Polish People's Party or PSL [Janusz PIECHOCINSKI, chairman; Jan BURY, parliamentary caucus leader Social Democratic Party of Poland or SDPL [Wojciech FILEMONOWICZ, chairman United Poland or SP [Zbigniew ZIOBRO, chairperson Your Movement or TR [Janusz PALIKOT, chairman, parliamentary caucus leader |
| Portugal | Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party or CDS/PP [Paulo PORTAS Social Democratic Party or PPD/PSD [Pedro PASSOS COELHO Socialist Party or PS [Antonio COSTA The Left Bloc or BE [Catarina Soares MARTINS Unitarian Democratic Coalition or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA |
| Puerto Rico | National Democratic Party [Roberto PRATS National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Carlos MENDEZ New Progressive Party or PNP [Pedro PIERLUISI Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Alejandro Garcia PADILLA Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez |
| Qatar | none |
| Romania | Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party or PNT-CD [Aurelian PAVELESCU Conservative Party or PC [Daniel CONSTANTIN Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Hunor KELEMEN National Liberal Party or PNL [Alina GORGIU and Vasile BLAGA co-presidents National Union for Romania's Progress or UNPR [Gabriel OPREA New Republic Party or NR [Mihail NEAMTU People's Party - Dan Diaconescu or PP-DD [Marin DIACONESCU Popular Movement Party or PMP [Eugen TOMAC Social Democratic Party or PSD [Victor-Viorel PONTA |
| Russia | A Just Russia [Sergey MIRONOV Communist Party of the Russian Federation or CPRF [Gennadiy ZYUGANOV Liberal Democratic Party of Russia or LDPR [Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY United Russia [Dmitriy MEDVEDEV note: 78 political parties are registered with Russia's Ministry of Justice (as of January 2014), but only four parties maintain representation in Russia's national legislature |
| Rwanda | Liberal Party or PL [Protais MITALI Party for Progress and Concord or PPC [Christian MARARA Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA |
| Saint Barthelemy | Action-Equilibre-Transparence [Maxime DESOUCHES Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy [Benoit CHAUVIN Saint-Barth d'Abord! or SBA [Bruno MAGRAS Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy [Karine MIOT-RICHARD |
| Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha | none |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY People's Action Movement or PAM [Shawn RICHARDS People's Labour Party or PLP [Timothy HARRIS Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS |
| Saint Lucia | Lucian People's Movement or LPM [Therold PRUDENT Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP [Kenny ANTHONY United Workers Party or UWP [Allen CHASTANET |
| Saint Martin | Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON Reussir Saint-Martin Saint-Martin pour tous [Martha OGOUNDELE Team Daniel Gibbs [Daniel GIBBS Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis-Constant FLEMING |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Archipelago Tomorrow or AD [Stephane ARTANO Ensemble pour l'Avenir [Annick GIRARDIN |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES |
| Samoa | Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA Samoa Christian Party or TCP [Tuala Tiresa MALIETOA Samoa Progressive Political Party or SPPP [Toalepaiali'i Toesulusulu S'iueva POSE II Tautua Samoa [Leatinu'u Salole LESA |
| San Marino | San Marino Common Good (includes Christian Democrats or PDCS [Teodoro LONFERNINI Entente for the Country (includes Sammarinese Union of Moderates or USDM [Romeo MORRI and Glauco SANSOVINI Active Citizenship (includes Civic 10 [Mateo CIACCI other: Civic Movement R.E.T.E. (Network) [Gloria ARCANGELONI For San Marino [Emilio DELLA BALDA San Marino 3.0 [Simone DELLA VALLE |
| Sao Tome and Principe | Force for Change Democratic Movement or MDFM [Fradigue Bandeira Melo DE MENEZES Independent Democratic Action or ADI [Patrice TROVOADA Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Aurelio MARTINS Party for Democratic Convergence-Reflection Group or PCD-GR [Leonel Mario D'ALVA other small parties |
| Saudi Arabia | none |
| Senegal | Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar [Macky SALL Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS [Mamadou DIOP, Landing SAVANE Benno Bokk Yakaar coaltion [Macky SALL Benno Siggil Senegal (a coalition of opposition parties) Bokk Giss Giss coalition [pape DIOP Citizen Movement for National Reform or MCRN-Bes Du Nakk Convergence Democratique �BOKK GIS GIS� (Common Vision) Pape DIOP Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Mamadou NDOYE Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Magette THIAM People's Labor Party or PTP [El Hadji DIOUF Reform Party or PR [Abdourahim AGNE Republican Movement for Socialism and Democracy or MRDS Rewmi Party [Idrissa SECK Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG Union Centriste du Senegal or UCS [Abdoulaye BALDE' Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA |
| Serbia | Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians or SVM [Istvan PASZTOR Boris Tadic Coalition [Boris TADIC Democratic Party of Serbia or DSS [Sanda Razkovic IVIC Dveri [Bosko OBRADOVIC Enough of That [Sasa RADULOVIC Party for Democratic Action or PDD [Riza HALIMI Party of Democratic Action of the Sandzak or SDA [Sulejman UGLJANIN Serbian Radical Party or SRS [Vojislav SESELJ SNS-led Coalition/A Future We Believe In [Aleksandar VUCIC United Regions of Serbia or URS [Mladan DINKIC With Democratic Party for Democratic Serbia/Democratic Party or DS [Dragan DJILAS SPS/PUPS/JS [Ivica DACIC LDP-led Coalition [Cedomir JOVANOVIC |
| Seychelles | Independent Conservative Union of Seychelles or ICUS [Jona ALCINDOR People's Party (Parti Lepep) or PL [James Alix MICHEL Popular Democratic Movement or PDM [David PIERRE Seychelles Freedom Party or SFP [Christopher GILL Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN Seychelles United Party or SUP [Robert EMESTA |
| Sierra Leone | All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA Peace and Liberation Party or PLP [Kandeh Baba CONTEH People's Movement for Democratic Change or PMDC [Charles MARGAI Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Sumanu KAPEN United Democratic Movement or UDM [Mohamed BANGURA numerous other parties |
| Singapore | National Solidarity Party or NSP [TAN Lam Siong People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong Reform Party [Kenneth JEYARETNAM Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [Desmond LIM Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan Singapore People's Party or SPP [CHIAM See Tong Workers' Party or WP [LOW Thia Khiang |
| Sint Maarten | Concordia Political Alliance or CPA [Jeffery RICHARDSON Democratic Party or DP [Sarah WESCOTT-WILLIAMS National Alliance or NA [William MARLIN United People's Party or UPP [Theodore HEYLIGER |
| Slovakia | parties in the Parliament: Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Jan FIGEL Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert FICO Freedom and Solidarity or SaS [Richard SULIK Most-Hid or Bridge [Bela BUGAR Ordinary People and Independent Personalities or OLaNO [Igor MATOVIC Slovak Democratic and Christian Union-Democratic Party or SDKU-DS [Pavol FRESO selected parties outside the Parliament: Civic Conservative Party or OKS [Ondrej DOSTAL Nation and Justice - Our Party or NAS [Anna BELOUSOVOVA Network or Siet [Radoslav PROCHAZKA New Majority or NOVA [Daniel LIPSIC Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Jozsef BERENYI People's Party - Our Slovakia or LSNS [Marian KOTLEBA Slovak National Party or SNS [Andrej DANKO |
| Slovenia | Alliance of Alenka Bratusek or ZaAB [Alenka BRATUSEK Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia or DeSUS [Karl ERJAVEC Modern Center Pary or SMC [Miro CERAR New Slovenia or NSi [Ljudmila NOVAK Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS [Janez JANSA Social Democrats or SD [Dejan ZIDAN United Left or ZL (collective leadership) |
| Solomon Islands | Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Steve ABANA Kadere Party of Solomon Islands or KPSI [Alfred LEGUA People's Alliance Party or PAP [Nathaniel WAENA Solomon Islands People First Party or SIPFP [Jimmie RODGERS Solomon Islands Party for Rural Advancement or SIPRA [Manasseh MAELANGA United Democratic Party [Thomas Ko CHAN note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid coalitions |
| Somalia | none |
| South Africa | African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth MESHOE African National Congress or ANC [Jacob ZUMA Congress of the People or COPE [Mosiuoa LEKOTA Democratic Alliance or DA [Helen ZILLE Economic Freedom Fighters or EFF [Julius MALEMA Freedom Front Plus or FF+ [Pieter MULDER Inkatha Freedom Party or IFP [Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI National Freedom Party or NFP [Zanele kaMAGWAZA-MSIBI Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania or PAC [Alton MPHETHI United Christian Democratic Party or UCDP [Isaac Sipho MFUNDISI United Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA |
| South Sudan | National Congress Party of NCP [Omar al-BASHIR Sudan People's Liberation Movement or SPLM [Salva KIIR Mayardit Sudan People's Liberation Movement for Democratic Change or SPLM-DC [Lam AKOL |
| Spain | Amaiur [collective leadership Basque Nationalist Party or PNV or EAJ [Anoni ORTUZAR Canarian Coalition or CC [Claudina MORALES Rodriquez Ciutadans [Albert Rivera Convergence and Union or CiU [Artur MAS i Gavarro Entesa Catalonia de Progress [Carles BONET i Reves Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Xavier VENCE Initiative for Catalonia Greens or ICV [Joan HERRERA i Torres and Dolors CAMATS Popular Party or PP [Mariano RAJOY Brey Republican Left of Catalonia or ERC [Oriol JUNQUERAS i Vies Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Pedro SANCHEZ Union of People of Navarra or UPN [Yolanda BARCINA Angulo Union, Progress and Democracy or UPyD [Rosa DIEZ Gonzalez United Left or IU [Cayo LARA Moya Yes to the Future or Geroa Bai [Uxue BARKOS |
| Sri Lanka | All Ceylon Muslim Congress [Rishad BAITHUTHEEN Democratic National Alliance, led by General (Retired) Sarath FONSEKA Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna or JVP [Anura Kumara DISSANAYAKE Jathika Hela Urumaya or JHU [Patali Champika RANAWAKA Sri Lanka Freedom Party [Maithripala SIRISENA and Mahinda RAJAPAKSA claimed leadership as of January 2015 Sri Lanka Muslim Congress [Rauff HAKEEM Tamil National Alliance [R. SAMPANTHAN United National Party [Ranil WICKREMESINGHE |
| Sudan | Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI Muslim Brotherhood or MB National Congress Party or NCP [Umar Hassan al-BASHIR National Umma Party or UP [Siddiq al-MAHDI Popular Congress Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI Reform Now Party or RNP [Dr. Ghazi Salah ADDEEN Sudanese Communist Party (SCP) [Mohammed Moktar Al-KHATEEB Sudanese Congress Party [Ibrahim Al Shiek ABDULRAHMAN Unionist Movement Party or UMP [Nagla AL-AZHARI |
| Suriname | A-Combination (a coalition that includes the General Liberation and Development Party ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK Basic Party for Renewal and Democracy or PVF [Soede Chand JAIRAM Democratic Union Suriname or DUS [Japhet DIEKO Mega Combination Coalition (a coalition that joined with A-Combination and the PL to form a majority in Parliament in 2010 - includes the National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire Delano BOUTERSE National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire Delano BOUTERSE National Union or NU [P. VAN LEEUWAARDE New Front for Democracy and Development or NF (a coalition made up of the National Party of Suriname or NPS [Runaldo VENETIAAN Party for Democracy and Development in Unity or DOE [Carl BREEVELD Party for the Permanent Prosperity Republic Suriname or PVRS [Chas MIJNALS People's Alliance, Pertjaja Luhur's or PL [Paul SOMOHARDJO note: BVD and PVF participated in the election as a coalition (BVD/PVF) in the most recent elections, but separated after the election |
| Swaziland | the status of political parties, previously banned, is unclear under the 2006 Constitution and currently being debated; the following are considered political associations African United Democratic Party or AUDP [Stanley MAUNDZISA, president Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Alvit DLAMINI, president People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president |
| Sweden | Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Goran HAGGLUND Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [spokespersons Asa ROMSON and Gustav FRIDOLIN Left Party (Vansterpartiet) (formerly Communist Party) or V [Jonas SJOSTEDT Liberal People's Party (Folkpartiet) or FP [Jan BJORKLUND Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Anna KINBERG BATRA Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Stefan LOFVEN Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON |
| Switzerland | Christian Democratic People's Party (Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti Democrate-Chretien Suisse or PDC, Partito Popolare Democratico Svizzero or PPD, Partida Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or PCD) [Christophe DARBELLAY Conservative Democratic Party (Buergerlich-Demokratische Partei Schweiz or BDP, Parti Bourgeois Democratique Suisse or PBD, Partito Borghese Democratico Svizzero or PBD, Partido burgais democratica Svizera or PBD) [Martin LANDOLT Free Democratic Party or FDP.The Liberals (FDP.Die Liberalen, PLR.Les Liberaux-Radicaux, PLR.I Liberali, Ils Liberals) [Philipp MUELLER Green Liberal Party (Grunliberale or GLP, Parti vert liberale or PVL, Partito Verde-Liberale or PVL, Partida Verde Liberale or PVL) [Martin BAEUMLE Green Party (Gruene Partei der Schweiz or Gruene, Parti Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Adele THORENS and Regula RYTZ Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz or SPS, Parti Socialiste Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista Svizzero or PSS, Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS) [Christian LEVRAT Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei or SVP, Union Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione Democratica di Centro or UDC, Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC) [Toni BRUNNER other minor parties |
| Syria | legal parties: National Progressive Front or NPF [President Bashar al-ASAD, Dr. Suleiman QADDAH Socialist Unionist Democratic Party [Fadlallah Nasr al-DIN Syrian Arab Socialist Union or ASU [Safwan al-QUDSI Syrian Communist Party (two branches) [Wissal Farha BAKDASH, Yusuf Rashid FAYSAL Syrian Social Nationalist Party [As'ad HARDAN Unionist Socialist Party [Fayez ISMAIL Kurdish parties (considered illegal): Kurdish Azadi Party Kurdish Democratic Accord Party (al Wifaq) Kurdish Democratic Party (al Parti-Ibrahim wing) Kurdish Democratic Party (al Parti-Mustafa wing) Kurdish Democratic Party in Syria or KDP-S Kurdish Democratic Patriotic/National Party Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party or KDPP-Darwish Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party or KDPP-Muhammad Kurdish Democratic Union Party or PYD [Salih Muslim MOHAMMAD Kurdish Democratic Unity Party Kurdish Democratic Yekiti Party Kurdish Future Party or KFP Kurdish Future Party [Rezan HASSAN Kurdish Left Party Kurdish Yekiti (Union) Party Syrian Kurdish Democratic Party other: Syrian Democratic Party [Mustafa QALAAJI |
| Taiwan | Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [TSAI Ing-wen Kuomintang or KMT (Nationalist Party) [Eric Chu Li-lun New Party [YOK Mu-ming Non-Partisan Solidarity Union or NPSU [LIN Pin-kuan People First Party or PFP [James SOONG Chu-ye Taiwan Solidarity Union or TSU [HUANG Kun-huei |
| Tajikistan | Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Amir QARAQULOV Communist Party of Tajikistan or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV Democratic Party of Tajikistan [Saidjafar ISMONOV Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan or IRPT [Muhiddin KABIRI Party of Economic Reform of Tajikistan or PERT [Olimjon BOBOEV People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMON Social Democratic Party of Tajikistan or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOYIROV Socialist Party of Tajikistan or SPT [Abduhalim GHAFOROV |
| Tanzania | Alliance for Chance and Transparency or ACT [Samson MWIGAMBA Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (Party of Democracy and Development) or CHADEMA [Willibrod SLAA Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Jakaya Mrisho KIKWETE Civic United Front or CUF [Ibrahim LIPUMBA Democratic Party or DP [Christopher MTIKLA National Convention for Construction and Reform - Mageuzi or NCCR-M [Hashim RUNGWE Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Mutamwega MUGAHWYA United Democratic Party or UDP [Fahma DOVUTWA Note: in March 2014, three opposition parties (CUF, CHADEMA, and NCCR-Mageusi) united to form Umoja wa Katiba ya Wananchi (Coalition for the People's Constituion) or UKAWA; during local elections held in October, 2014, UKAWA entered one candidate representing the three parties united in the coalition |
| Thailand | Chat Pattana Party or CPN (Nation Development Party) [WANNARAT Channukul Chat Thai Phattana Party or CTP (Thai Nation Development Party) [THEERA Wongsamut Mahachon Party or Mass Party [APHIRAT Sirinawin Matubhum Party (Motherland Party) [ Gen. SONTHI Bunyaratkalin Phalang Chon Party (People Chonburi Power Party) [SONTHAYA Khunpluem Phumjai (Bhumjai) Thai Party or PJT (Thai Pride) [ANUTIN Charnvirakul Prachathipat Party or DP (Democrat Party) [ABHISIT Wechachiwa, also spelled ABHISIT Vejjajiva Prachathipathai Mai Party (New Democracy Party) [SURATIN Phijarn Puea Thai Party (For Thais Party) or PTP [acting leader VIROJ Paoin Rak Prathet Thai Party (Love Thailand Party) [CHUWIT Kamonwisit Rak Santi Party (Peace Conservation Party) [Pol. Lt. Gen. THAWIL Surachetphong |
| Timor-Leste | Democratic Party or PD [Fernando "Lasama" de ARAUJO Frenti-Mudanca [Jose Luis GUTERRES National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction or CNRT [Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO Revolutionary Front of Independent Timor-Leste or FRETILIN [Mari ALKATIRI (only parties in Parliament are listed) |
| Togo | Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Dodji APEVON Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Leopold GNININVI, Secretary-General Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP National Alliance for Change or ANC [Jean-Pierre FABRE Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO Rainbow Alliance (a coalition including: CAR and CDPA) [Brigitte Adjamagbo JOHNSON Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Harry OLYMPIO Save Togo Collective or CST (a coalition including: ANC and PSR) [Ata Messan Zeus AJAVON Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR [Abi TCHESSA Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU Union for the Republic or UNIR [Faure GNASSINGBE Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO |
| Tokelau | none |
| Tonga | Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands [Samuela 'Akilisi POHIVA People's Democratic Party or PDP [Tesina FUKO Sustainable Nation-Building Party [Sione FONUA Tonga Democratic Labor Party Tonga Human Rights and Democracy Movement or THRDM |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Congress of the People or COP [Prakash RAMADHAR Democratic Action Congress or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES Democratic National Alliance or DNA [Charles CARSON Movement for National Development or MND [Garvin NICHOLAS National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Lennox SANKERSINGH People's National Movement or PNM [Keith ROWLEY Tobago Organization of the People or TOP [Ashworth JACK United National Congress or UNC [Kamla PERSAD-BISSESSAR |
| Tunisia | Afek Tounes [Emna MINF Alliance for Tunisia (a coalition of Tunisia's Call [Beji CAID ESSEBSI al-Nahda (The Renaissance) [Rachid GHANNOUCHI Congress for the Republic or CPR [Moncef MARZOUKI Democratic Forum for Labor and Liberties or FDTL (Ettakatol) [Mustapha Ben JAAFAR Democratic Modernist Pole or PDM (a coalition) Democratic Socialist Movement or MDS Et-Tajdid Movement [Ahmed IBRAHIM Free Patriotic Union or UPL (Union patriotique libre) [Slim RIAHI Green Party for Progress or PVP [Mongi KHAMASSI Liberal Social Party or PSL [Mondher THABET Movement of Socialist Democrats or MDS [Ismail BOULAHYA Popular Front (a coalition of 9 parties including Democractic Patriots' Movement, Workers' Party, Green Tunisia, Tunisian Ba'ath Movement, and Party of the Democractic Arab Vanguard) Popular Petition (Aridha Chaabia) [Hachemi HAMDI Popular Unity Party or PUP [Mohamed BOUCHIHA Progressive Democratic Party or PDP [Maya JERIBI The Initiative [Kamel MORJANE Tunisia's Call (Nidaa Tounes) [Beji CAID ESSEBSI Tunisian Workers' Communist Party or PCOT [Hamma HAMMAMI Unionist Democratic Union or UDU [Ahmed INOUBLI |
| Turkey | Anatolia Party or AnaParti [Emine Ulker TARHAN Center Party [Abdurrahim KARSLI Democratic Left Party or DSP [Masum TURKER Democratic Party or DP [Gultekin UYSAL Democratic Regions Party or DBP [Emine AYNA and Kamuran YUKSEK, co-chairs Electronic Democracy Party or e-Parti [Emrehan HALICI Felicity Party or SP [Mustafa KAMALAK Freedom and Solidarity Party or ODP [Alper TAS and Bilge Seckin CETINKAYA, co-chairs Grand Unity Party or BBP [Mustafa DESTICI Independent Turkey Party or BTP [Haydar BAS Justice and Development Party or AKP [Ahmet DAVUTOGLU Nation and Justice Party or MILAD [Idris Naim SAHIN Nationalist Movement Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI People's Democratic Party or HDP [Selahattin DEMIRTAS and Figen YUKSEKDAG, co-chairs Republican People's Party or CHP [Kemal KILICDAROGLU |
| Turkmenistan | Democratic Party of Turkmenistan or DPT [Kasymguly BABAYEW Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs or PIE [Orazmammet MAMMEDOW note: a law authorizing the registration of political parties went into effect in January 2012; unofficial, small opposition movements exist abroad; the three most prominent opposition groups-in-exile are the National Democratic Movement of Turkmenistan (NDMT), the Republican Party of Turkmenistan, and the Watan (Fatherland) Party; the NDMT was led by former Foreign Minister Boris SHIKHMURADOV until his arrest and imprisonment in the wake of the 25 November 2002 attack on President NYYAZOW's motorcade |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Oswald SKIPPINGS People's Progressive Party Progressive National Party or PNP [Rufus EWING |
| Tuvalu | there are no political parties but members of parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings |
| Uganda | Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI Democratic Party or DP [Norbert MAO Forum for Democratic Change or FDC [Muntu MUGISHA Justice Forum or JEEMA [Asuman BASALIRWA National Resistance Movement or NRM [Yoweri MUSEVENI Peoples Progressive Party or PPP [Bidandi SSALI Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Olara OTUNNU |
| Ukraine | Batkivshchyna ("Fatherland") [Yuliya TYMOSHENKO Communist Party of Ukraine or CPU [Petro SYMONENKO Opposition Bloc or OB [Yuriy BOIKO People's Front or NF [Arseniy YATSENIUK People's Will or VN [Ihor YEREMEYEV Petro Poroshenko Bloc or BPP [Yuriy LUTSENKO Radical Party [Oleh LYASHKO Samopomich ("Selfreliance") [Andriy SADOVYI Svoboda ("Freedom") [Oleh TYAHNYBOK |
| United Arab Emirates | none; political parties are not allowed |
| United Kingdom | Alliance Party (Northerm Ireland) [David FORD Conservative Party [David CAMERON Democratic Unionist Party or DUP (Northern Ireland) [Peter ROBINSON Green Party of England and Wales or Greens [Natalie BENNETT Labor Party [Ed MILIBAND Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) [Nick CLEGG Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Leanne WOOD Respect Party [George GALLOWAY Scottish National Party or SNP [Nicola STURGEON Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Alasdair MCDONNELL Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Mike NESBITT UK Independence Party or UKIP [Nigel FARAGE |
| United States | Democratic Party [Debbie Wasserman SCHULTZ Green Party [Brian Bittner Libertarian Party [Nicholas SARWARK Republican Party [Reince PRIEBUS |
| Uruguay | Broad Front (Frente Amplio) - formerly known as the Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition or EP-FA [Monica XAVIER Colorado Party (Vamos Uruguay) [Martha MONTANER Independent Party [Pablo MIERES National Party or Blanco [Luis Alberto HEBER |
| Uzbekistan | Ecological Movement of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Ekologik Harakati) [Boriy ALIXONOV Justice (Adolat) Social Democratic Party of Uzbekistan [Narimon UMAROV Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Liberal-Demokratik Partiyasi) or LDPU [Sodiqjon TURDIYEV National Rebirth Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (Milliy Tiklanish) [Sarvar OTAMURODOV People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (Xalq Demokratik Partiyas) or NDP [Hotamjon KETMONOV |
| Vanuatu | Greens Confederation or GC [Moana CARCASSES Kalosil Iauko Group or IG [Tony NARI Land and Justice Party (Graon mo Jastis Pati) or GJP [Ralph REGENVANU Melanesian Progressive Party or MPP [Barak SOPE Nagriamel movement or NAG [Frankie STEVENS Natatok Indigenous People's Democratic Party or (NATATOK) or NIPDP [Alfred Roland CARLOT National United Party or NUP [Ham LINI People's Progressive Party or PPP [Sato KILMAN People's Service Party or PSP [Don KEN Reunification of Movement for Change or RMC [Charlot SALWAI Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR Vanua'aku Pati (Our Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI Vanuatu Democratic Party [Maxime Carlot KORMAN Vanuatu Liberal Democratic Party or VLDP [Tapangararua WILLIE Vanuatu National Party or VNP [Issac HAMARILIU Vanuatu Progressive Development Party or VPDP [Robert Bohn SIKOL Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Marcellino PIPITE |
| Venezuela | A New Time or UNT [Omar BARBOZA Brave People's Alliance or ABP [Antonio LEDEZMA Christian Democrats or COPEI [Roberto ENRIQUEZ Coalition of opposition parties -- The Democratic Unity Table or MUD [Jesus "Chuo" TORREALBA Communist Party of Venezuela or PCV [Oscar FIGUERA Democratic Action or AD [Henry RAMOS ALLUP Fatherland for All or PPT [Rafael UZCATEGUI For Social Democracy or PODEMOS [Ismael GARCIA Justice First or PJ [Julio BORGES Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Nicolas SOSA Popular Will or VP [Leopoldo LOPEZ Progressive Wave or AP [Henri FALCON The Radical Cause [Daniel SANTOLO United Socialist Party of Venezuela or PSUV [Nicolas MADURO Venezuelan Progressive Movement or MPV [Simon CALZADILLA Venezuela Project or PV [Henrique SALAS ROMER |
| Vietnam | Communist Party of Vietnam or CPV [Nguyen Phu TRONG note: other parties proscribed |
| Virgin Islands | Democratic Party [Arturo WATLINGTON Independent Citizens' Movement or ICM [Usie RICHARDS Republican Party [Gary SPRAUVE |
| Wallis and Futuna | Lua Kae Tahi (Giscardians) Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche or MRG Rally for the Republic or RPR (UMP) [Clovis LOGOLOGOFOLAU Socialist Party or PS Taumu'a Lelei [Soane Muni UHILA Union Populaire Locale or UPL [Falakiko GATA Union Pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF |
| Yemen | General People's Congress or GPC [Ali Abdallah SALIH Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Muhammed Abdallah al-YADUMI, Abdul Wahab al-ANSI Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdallah NU'MAN Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Dr. Abd al-Rahman Umar al-SAQQAF note: there are at least seven more active political parties |
| Zambia | Alliance for Democracy and Development or ADD [Charles MILUPI Christian Democratic Party or CDP [Daniel PULE Forum for Democratic Alternatives or FDA [Ludwig SONDASHI Fourth Revolution Party or 4R [Eric CHANDA Forum for Democracy and Development or FDD [Edith NAWAKWI Green Party or GREENS [Peter SINKAMBA Heritage Party or HP [Godfrey MIYANDA Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [Nevers MUMBA National Restoration Party or NAREP [Elias CHIPIMO National Revolution Party or NRP [Cosmo MUMBA Patriotic Front or PF [Edgar LUNGU People's Party [Mike MULONGOTI Republican Progressive Party or RPP [James LUKUKU United National Independence Party or UNIP [Tilyenji KAUNDA United Party for National Development or UPND [Hakainde HICHILEMA Zambia Direct Democracy Movement or ZDDM [Edwin SAKALA |
| Zimbabwe | African National Party or ANP [Egypt DZINEMUNHENZVA Freedom Party [Cosmas MPONDA Movambo Kusile Dawn or MKD [Simba MAKONI Movement for Democratic Change - Ncube or MDC-N [Welshman NCUBE Movement for Democratic Change - Renewal or MDC-R [Sekai HOLLAND Movement for Democratic Change - Tsvangirai or MDC-T [Morgan TSVANGIRAI Transform Zimbabwe or TZ [Jacob NGARIVHUME United Parties [Abel MUZOREWA Zimbabwe African National Union-Ndonga or ZANU-Ndonga [Wilson KUMBULA Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front or ZANU-PF [Robert Gabriel MUGABE Zimbabwe African Peoples Union or ZAPU [Dumiso DABENGWA |
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